{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T09:54:41Z","timestamp":1753869281718,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,6]],"date-time":"2025-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743897600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Colonoscopy is the gold standard for accurate exploration of the colon. Thus, it must be performed as efficiently as possible. The patient's tolerance considerably affects the quality of sedation free examinations. Pharmacological sedation can solve this issue; however, it can expose to significant adverse events. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of immersive virtual reality (VR) during sedation\u2010free colonoscopy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a prospective controlled study including outpatients presenting for unsedated colonoscopy. Patients were randomized into Group 1: colonoscopy with VR headset and Group 2: without intervention. Anxiety, comfort, and pain were respectively evaluated by State\u2010Trait Anxiety inventory (STAI), Gloucester scale and the verbal rating scale (VRS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In total, 63 patients were included: intervention group G1 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200933) and control group G2 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200930). A slightly lower time to caecal intubation was noted in the intervention group without significant difference (G1\u2009=\u200919\u2009min vs. G2\u2009=\u200926\u2009min, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.07). Patients with VR mask expressed lower levels of post\u2010procedural anxiety than those in the control group (mean STAI G1\u2009=\u200947 vs. G2\u2009=\u200953, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) and a significant decrease in the STAI score compared to pre\u2010endoscopy values (8 vs. 4 points, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). The per\u2010procedural pain assessed by VRS was significantly lower in the patients using VR (Mean G1\u2009=\u20090.44 vs. G2\u2009=\u20091.32, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Moreover, endoscopic examination was found to be more comfortable with VR based on the Gloucester scale <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Immersive VR technology is a promising, noninvasive and well\u2010accepted tool for improving tolerance by reducing colonoscopy induced pain and anxiety allowing an optimized examination.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.70563","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,7]],"date-time":"2025-04-07T05:48:49Z","timestamp":1744004929000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Impact of Immersive Virtual Reality During Outpatient Sedation\u2010Free Colonoscopy: A Randomized Prospective Controlled Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7361-8248","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Myriam","family":"Ayari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Internal Security Forces Hospital La Marsa La Marsa Tunisia"},{"name":"University of Tunis El Manar Tunis Tunisia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sameh","family":"Riahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Internal Security Forces Hospital La Marsa La Marsa Tunisia"},{"name":"University of Tunis El Manar Tunis Tunisia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed Hedi","family":"Douggui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Internal Security Forces Hospital La Marsa La Marsa Tunisia"},{"name":"University of Tunis El Manar Tunis Tunisia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Taieb","family":"Jomni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Internal Security Forces Hospital La Marsa La Marsa Tunisia"},{"name":"University of Tunis El Manar Tunis Tunisia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2012-303796"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2002.07129.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgast-2019-000348"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.12.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/jnr.0000000000000112"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","first-page":"664","article-title":"Insights Into Water Exchange 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