{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T09:54:42Z","timestamp":1753869282349,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741737600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Malaria remains a global health concern, with an estimated 249 million cases annually and 2.2 billion people at risk of infection. This study aimed to investigate the association between malaria species and ABO blood groups and identify the relationship between ABO blood groups and parasitemia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional study was conducted in Bosaso, Puntland, Somalia, from November 2022 to May 2023. Data were collected through simple random sampling involving 201 confirmed malaria cases from the national hospital. Blood samples obtained via finger prick were prepared as thick and thin smears, stained, and examined microscopically. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, Chi\u2010square, and ANOVA tests to assess associations between malaria species, blood groups, and parasitemia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic> species was as follows: <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> (48%), <jats:italic>P. vivax<\/jats:italic> (41%), and others (10%). Older age groups (31\u201345 and 46\u201360 years) exhibited higher prevalence rates for <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> (50.7%\u201380.8%), while younger participants demonstrated increased susceptibility to <jats:italic>P. vivax<\/jats:italic>. Blood groups B (24%) and AB (18.8%) presented lower <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> prevalence, whereas blood groups A (55.4%) and O (54.7%) displayed higher prevalence rates. Significant associations were observed between age groups and <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic> species (<jats:italic>\u03c7<\/jats:italic>\u00b2\u2009=\u200914.2, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.027; <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20094.848, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.030) and between blood groups and <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic> species (<jats:italic>\u03c7<\/jats:italic>\u00b2\u2009=\u200923.9, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001; <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20093.583, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.015). A relationship between blood groups and parasitemia was also identified (<jats:italic>\u03c7<\/jats:italic>\u00b2\u2009=\u200917.4, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.008; <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200912.79, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.017).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings of this study not only underscore the higher risk of <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> in older individuals but also provide crucial insights into the interplay between malaria and ABO blood groups. This knowledge is significant for enhancing community awareness and implementing effective management strategies to reduce the risk of malaria, thereby enlightening the reader about the potential impact of this research.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.70570","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]],"date-time":"2025-03-13T06:25:51Z","timestamp":1741847151000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prevalence and Association of Malaria With ABO Blood Groups in Bosaso City, Puntland, Somalia: A Cross\u2010Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Yahye Isse","family":"Hassan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory, Faculty of Health Science Red Sea University Bosaso Puntland Somalia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2389-8717","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed Said","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health Science, School of Medicine Amoud University Borama Somalia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","unstructured":"WHO \u201cWorld Malaria Report 2023 \u201d2023."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2012.03.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.5.2971-2975.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3347\/kjp.2018.56.2.167"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-022-04130-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21276\/APALM.2103"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.176.5.1311"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","unstructured":"WHO \u201cWorld Malaria Report \u201d2015."},{"volume-title":"Major Infectious Diseases","year":"2018","author":"Shretta R.","key":"e_1_2_11_10_1"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","first-page":"1041","article-title":"Relationship between Malaria and ABO Blood Group Types","volume":"5","author":"Hegde S.","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Science and Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.83874"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","unstructured":"WHO \u201cWorld Malaria Day 2023 \u2013 Zeroing in on Malaria \u201d2023 https:\/\/www.emro.who.int\/somalia\/news\/world-malaria-day-2023-zeroing-in-on-malaria.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/aid.2017.74016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1909.130133"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40795-023-00709-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2221-1691(11)60045-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S.RasheedandB.Moiz \u201cFrequency Distribution of ABO Alleles in a Malaria\u2010Endemic Area of Pakistan \u201d preprintResearch Square February 15 2022.","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-1347088\/v1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.47963\/ihrj.v1i1.1177"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-022-04251-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-021-07093-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JBM.S419815"},{"issue":"251","key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","article-title":"Plasmodium Malaria and ABO Blood Group Among Blood Donors in Yenegoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria","volume":"6","author":"Abah A.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Primary Health Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","first-page":"51","article-title":"The ABO Blood Group System and Plasmodium Infection in Iran: A Comprehensive Study","volume":"7","author":"Karami F.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Health Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-9062.345177"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0011060"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/8685482"}],"container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hsr2.70570","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,30]],"date-time":"2025-03-30T14:01:31Z","timestamp":1743343291000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/hsr2.70570"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/hsr2.70570"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hsr2.70570","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2398-8835","2398-8835"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2398-8835"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2398-8835"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-12-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-28","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70570"}}