{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T12:48:26Z","timestamp":1772801306672,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]],"date-time":"2025-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744243200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004320","name":"Shiraz University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004320","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Acute leukemia is considered the most common form of cancer in children. Different painful diagnostic approaches may be applied to diagnose acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children suspected of having the disease, such as blood tests and bone marrow aspiration (BMA). Several studies reported that distraction strategies could alleviate pain severity in children. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of distraction in pain management in children aged 5\u221212 years old with acute leukemia undergoing BMA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a quasi\u2010experimental study involving 60 participants, using convenience sampling, they were assigned to control (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200930) and distraction (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200930) groups. Children in the distraction group watched TV cartoons during BMA, while children in the control group didn't. The children's level of acute pain was measured using Oucher's scale before, 30, and 60\u2009min after the intervention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mean pain severity score immediately before the intervention between the intervention and control groups was markedly different (2.33\u2009\u00b1\u20091.21 vs. 3.60\u2009\u00b1\u20091.56, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005). Also, the mean severity score after 30\u2009min of the second BMA illustrated a significant difference between the intervention and control groups (4.20\u2009\u00b1\u20091.84 vs. 6.6\u2009\u00b1\u20092.16, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). We observed a considerable difference between the intervention and control groups regarding the mean severity score after 60\u2009min of the second BMA (2.06\u2009\u00b1\u20090.82 vs. 4.8\u2009\u00b1\u20092.34, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The design and implementation of well\u2010developed pain management regularly involving sustained and organized distraction can effectively manage the severity of pain in acute leukemia children undergoing BMA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.70634","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,11]],"date-time":"2025-04-11T06:15:34Z","timestamp":1744352134000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Effect of Distraction on Pain Management in Children Aged 5 to 12 Years Old With Acute Leukemia Undergoing Bone Marrow Aspiration"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0082-7523","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soodabeh","family":"Razmi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rajaee Trauma Hospital Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9297-3488","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehrdad","family":"Karajizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trauma Research Center Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1937-9941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soheila","family":"Zarei Fard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology Research Center, School of Medicine Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7366-1059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saeideh","family":"Pourahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pooria","family":"Fazeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trauma Research Center Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9179-857X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Najmeh","family":"Bordbar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Human Resources Research Centre, School of Management and Medical Information Sciences Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21763"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.185"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2278-330X.187591"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","volume-title":"CureAll Framework: WHO Global Initiative for Childhood Cancer Increasing Access, Advancing Quality, Saving Lives","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1980-549720240003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2014.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPH.0b013e3181f46a65"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","article-title":"Utility of Bone Marrow Examination in Pediatric Age Group: Experience of a Tertiary Healthcare Centre in India","volume":"14","author":"Balasubramanian M.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2018.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5772\/67300"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-022-03319-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11124\/JBISRIR-2016-003029"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1043454219858610"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","article-title":"Non\u2010Pharmacological Methods for Pain Management in Pediatric Oncology: Evidences in Literature","volume":"67","author":"Paes T. 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