{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T17:47:36Z","timestamp":1773424056460,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,18]],"date-time":"2025-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744934400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Due to the reduction in immunity caused by auto\u2010splenectomy and the consequent opsonic antibody shortage, patients with SCD are more susceptible to encapsulated organism infections, especially asymptomatic urinary tract infection (ASM\u2010UTI). This study investigated the prevalence of ASM\u2010UTI and compared urine and hematology parameters among SCD patients in Ghana to their healthy counterparts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, 104 SCD participants (cases) and 80 non\u2010SCD (HbAA) controls were recruited. Participants' information was thoroughly documented using a well\u2010structured questionnaire and patient case records. To achieve the study's aims, a mid\u2010stream urine in a cleaned dry aseptic urine capped container and venous blood were collected for laboratory analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of ASM\u2010UTI among SCD participants and non\u2010SCD (HbAA) individuals were 22 (21.2%) and 18 (22.5%) respectively. Among the 22 (21.2%) SCD individuals with ASM\u2010UTI, 64% were HbSS and 36% were HbSC<jats:italic>. S. aureus<\/jats:italic> 15 (8.2%) accounted for the majority of the organisms isolated with the larger proportion 9(60.0%) isolated from the SCD patients. There was a statistical difference between SCD with ASM\u2010UTI, without ASM\u2010UTI, and non\u2010SCD (HbAA) with respect to urine appearance (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.047), proteinuria (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.024), leukocyte (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). Significantly high total WBC (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001), low platelets (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001), and low hemoglobin (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) in SCD with ASM\u2010UTI compared to non\u2010SCD (HbAA) with ASM\u2010UTI were also observed. Major risk factors associated with ASM\u2010UTI includes a cloudy urine appearance, a positive (+1 and +2) urine leukocytes and positive (+1) urine bilirubin compared to having a clear urine appearance, negative leukocyte, and a negative bilirubin.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study has shown ASM\u2010UTI to be common in adult SCD participants with higher rate in females. It has also showed that ASM\u2010UTI can exist alongside other clinical states such as anemia, microalbuminuria, hematuria and proteinuria which are characteristics of kidney disease which can trigger crises in SCD participants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.70643","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,18]],"date-time":"2025-04-18T13:18:51Z","timestamp":1744982331000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Haemato\u2010Urological Profile and Asymptomatic Urinary Tract Infection in Ghanaian Steady\u2010State Sickle Cell Disease Patients: A Case\u2010Control Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8199-5806","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen","family":"Twumasi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah 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