{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T20:31:10Z","timestamp":1758054670656,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]],"date-time":"2025-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754524800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) poses a substantial global health challenge, contributing to increased morbidity and mortality, diminished quality of life, and escalating healthcare expenditures. Despite advancements in nephrology and dialysis technologies, disparities in hemodialysis (HD) accessibility remain prevalent, leading to suboptimal patient outcomes and increased healthcare burdens. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) facilitate the spatial analysis of healthcare service distribution, identifying inequities in access. This study employs GIS to evaluate the spatial distribution of dialysis facilities in Shiraz, highlight underserved areas, and assess geographic barriers impacting patient access.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A GIS\u2010based spatial analysis was performed utilizing deidentified patient demographics, dialysis facility locations, transportation network data, and urban zoning characteristics to assess accessibility and service distribution. Sophisticated geospatial methodologies, including Network Analysis and Kernel Density Estimation (KDE), were employed to model travel time variations and evaluate spatial equity in\u2010service distribution. The study adhered to SAMPL and CONSORT reporting guidelines.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among 605 patients (mean age: 60.9\u2009\u00b1\u200915.4 years; 64.6% male), substantial spatial disparities in dialysis service accessibility were identified, with notable variations in travel burden and facility distribution. Patients from socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods experienced prolonged travel times and increased transportation expenses, further intensifying healthcare access disparities. GIS\u2010based spatial modeling identified priority zones for service expansion, proposing targeted interventions to optimize resource allocation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Socioeconomic inequities substantially impact dialysis accessibility, concentrating patients in cost\u2010effective residential areas with heightened travel burdens and delayed treatment initiation. GIS\u2010driven spatial planning provides a data\u2010driven framework for equitable dialysis resource allocation, facilitating evidence\u2010based healthcare policy decisions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.71137","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,8]],"date-time":"2025-08-08T04:35:05Z","timestamp":1754627705000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Geospatial Visualization of Dialysis Accessibility in Shiraz: A Nonanalytical Geographic Information System Approach"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Peyman","family":"Ghahramani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Information Technology Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Behzad","family":"Kiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Informatics, School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Narges","family":"Norouzkhani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Atefeh","family":"Khoshkangin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Informatics, School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Azam","family":"Kheirdoust","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Informatics, School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8096-2530","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Reza","family":"Mazaheri Habibi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Information Technology Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","first-page":"19","article-title":"Comparison of Quality of Life in Haemodialysis and Renal Transplantation Pateints","volume":"3","author":"Tayyebi A.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Critical Care Nursing"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.12873\/443aliyah","article-title":"Effect of Extra Virgin Olive Oil on Inflammatory Markers and Intestinal Microbiota in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients","volume":"44","author":"Aliyah R.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nutrici\u00f3n Cl\u00ednica y Diet\u00e9tica 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