{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T12:00:37Z","timestamp":1791288037159,"version":"4.3.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754956800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Surgical site infections (SSIs) are a significant source of morbidity and healthcare costs following open appendectomy, particularly in resource\u2010limited settings. While wound irrigation with antimicrobial agents has shown potential in reducing SSI rates, evidence comparing gentamicin\u2010saline solution with normal saline is limited. This study aimed to determine whether gentamicin\u2010saline irrigation reduces SSI rates compared to normal saline alone and to identify patient\u2010related risk factors associated with SSI development.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This single\u2010centre, single\u2010blinded, randomized controlled trial included 190 patients undergoing uncomplicated emergency open appendectomy between June 2022 and June 2023. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups: one receiving 160\u2009mg gentamicin in 400\u2009mL normal saline for wound irrigation, and the other receiving normal saline alone. The primary outcome was the incidence of SSI within 30 days. Secondary outcomes included length of hospital stay and association of SSI with risk factors such as BMI, smoking, and alcohol use. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v.26. Group differences were assessed using independent <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010tests and Fisher's exact or <jats:italic>\u03c7<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> tests as appropriate. A <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> value\u2009&lt;\u20090.05 was considered statistically significant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among 190 patients (95 per group), the overall SSI rate was 15.3%, all of which were superficial. The gentamicin group had a lower SSI rate (12.6%) compared to the saline group (17.9%), but the difference was not statistically significant (<jats:italic>p\u2009<\/jats:italic>=\u20090.313, RR 0.66; 95% CI, 0.298\u20131.478). Smoking was significantly associated with SSI occurrence (<jats:italic>p\u2009<\/jats:italic>=\u20090.039), while BMI showed a significant association only in the gentamicin group (<jats:italic>p\u2009<\/jats:italic>=\u20090.008). No association was observed with alcohol use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>SSIs contribute substantially to patient complications and healthcare expenses, particularly in lower\u2010resource surgical settings. The reduction in SSI incidence using gentamicin\u2010saline was not statistically significant when compared with normal saline as compared to gentamicin\u2010saline irrigation did not significantly reduce SSIs compared to saline alone in uncomplicated open appendectomy. Focus should be placed on modifiable patient\u2010related risk factors, particularly smoking, to reduce SSI incidence in clinical practice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.71143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]],"date-time":"2025-08-13T04:15:57Z","timestamp":1755058557000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Comparison of Gentamicin Saline Solution and Normal Saline in Reducing Surgical Site Infections in Open Appendectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4260-7677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bibek","family":"Shrestha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Maharajgunj Medical Campus Tribhuvan University, Institute of Medicine  Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krishna 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