{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T12:08:04Z","timestamp":1784549284509,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A large proportion of patients suffering from medical conditions also experience mental health problems, cooperation of both side's professionals, seems to ensure the best way to reduce the existing gap and to create the best diagnostic\u2010treatment plan, Consultation\u2010Liaison Psychiatry provides this possibility in a general hospital. Delirium is one of the most important consultations requested by medical professionals for psychiatric services because it is a condition that threatens life and worsens the prognosis of patients. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive investigation of delirium and its related factors among patients in general hospitals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross\u2010sectional analytical study was conducted in medical wards of a General Educational hospital in North Iran in 2022, Sampling was done among 864 patients, hospitalized in different medical departments who were requested by their medical specialists for consultation by the psychiatric service, The information collected for this study was obtained based on the recorded data in the psychiatric consultation sheets, All psychiatric diagnoses in this project were based on DSM\u20105 diagnostic criteria.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Our analysis revealed a significant increase in the incidence of delirium among patients with advancing age (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), those with an educational level below diploma (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and individuals who are widowed (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Additionally, abnormalities in all laboratory tests were significantly correlated with a higher rate of delirium (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), with the exception of thyroid dysfunction tests and positive urine toxicology results. Regarding disease classification, delirium was most frequently observed in patients with multiple comorbidities, accounting for 55%, followed by those with lung disease at 49.5%. In all types of medical diseases, the incidence of hyperactive and mixed\u2010state delirium was significantly higher (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010value\u2009=\u20090.009). Additionally, we observed that the majority of patients with delirium had no history of active substance use (81%) or underlying dementia (92.4%).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results of our study demonstrate that advanced age, lower educational attainment, widowhood, and the presence of multiple comorbidities are significant risk factors for delirium among hospitalized patients. Furthermore, disturbances in laboratory parameters\u2014excluding thyroid dysfunction and positive urine toxicology\u2014are strongly associated with increased delirium risk. Notably, the majority of patients experiencing delirium had no prior history of active substance use or underlying dementia, as evidenced by our findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.71218","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]],"date-time":"2025-09-10T04:25:11Z","timestamp":1757478311000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessing Delirium Vulnerability in Patients Referred to Consultation\u2010Liaison Psychiatry Service: A Cross\u2010Sectional Survey"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3384-5320","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Faezeh","family":"Khorshidian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine.Cognitive Neurology, Dementia and Neuropsychiatry Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1420-5480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farzan","family":"Kheirkhah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Health Research Institute Babol University of Medical Sciences Babol Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6573-8861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sussan","family":"Moudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Determinants of Health Research Center Babol University of Medical Sciences Babol Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8974-9557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Davood Hosseini","family":"Talari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Health Research Institute Babol University of Medical Sciences Babol Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2233-8726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Bijani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute Babol University of Medical Sciences Babol Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neda","family":"Fathi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Committee Research Babol University of Medical Sciences Babol Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Mohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of psychiatry Shahrood University of Medical Sciences and Health Services Shahrood Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minoo","family":"Mojarrad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Committee Research Babol University of Medical Sciences Babol Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seyedeh Mahbobeh","family":"Mirtabar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Committee Research Babol University of Medical Sciences Babol Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-020-02546-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-020-02615-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0194029"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-021-03281-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-020-2441-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000503177"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-021-03241-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","unstructured":"OECD: Health at a Glance 2019: OECD Indicators. 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