{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T11:58:21Z","timestamp":1778327901735,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760486400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Diarrhea is a worldwide public health problem in children under 5 years old. This study aimed to determine the main etiology of diarrhea affecting children under 5 years old at the Ngaoundere Regional Hospital.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The present study was a cross\u2010sectional survey of patients under 5 years of age with diarrhea which was conducted at the Ngaoundere Regional Hospital from May to August 2023. With the use of a questionnaire, a total of 179 patients aged under 5 years with diarrhea were sampled. A questionnaire was submitted to the patients to collect socio\u2010demographic information then stool samples were collected. The stool samples were then subjected to the macroscopic and microscopic analyses phases for the detection of parasites, and to coproculture or stool culture for the subsequent isolation of the pathogenic bacterial germs. The identification of bacterial germs was carried out using the API20E gallery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Male subjects were most affected by diarrheal diseases with 57% compared to 43% for females and the age group (12\u201324 months) was the most vulnerable (31.84%). Among the patients, 37.43% had a yeast infection, 24.58% a parasitic infection, and 23.58% a bacterial infection.\n                      <jats:italic>Entamoeba histolytica<\/jats:italic>\n                      (15.64%),\n                      <jats:italic>Entamoeba coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      (6.70%),\n                      <jats:italic>Trichomonas intestinalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      (2.23%), and\n                      <jats:italic>Fasciola hepatica<\/jats:italic>\n                      (0.56%) were identified as parasites.\n                      <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      (10.61%),\n                      <jats:italic>Salmonella spp<\/jats:italic>\n                      . (5.02%),\n                      <jats:italic>Klebsiella spp<\/jats:italic>\n                      . (3.35%),\n                      <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      (1.12%),\n                      <jats:italic>Shigella spp.<\/jats:italic>\n                      (1.12%),\n                      <jats:italic>Enterobacter cloacae<\/jats:italic>\n                      (1.12%),\n                      <jats:italic>Enterobacter aerogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                      (0.56%),\n                      <jats:italic>Enterobacter spp<\/jats:italic>\n                      . (0.56%),\n                      <jats:italic>Hafnia alvei<\/jats:italic>\n                      (0.56%) and\n                      <jats:italic>Pseudomonas spp<\/jats:italic>\n                      . (0.56%) were identified as bacteria. 2.79% cases of parasitic\/bacterial co\u2010infections were recorded.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The prevalence of diarrhea caused by parasites and bacteria in children under 5 years of age at the Ngaoundere Regional Hospital remains high compared to the prevalence of diarrhea in Cameroon. The most incriminated infectious agents were\n                      <jats:italic>Entamoeba histolytica<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      . These etiological data would constitute important tools for strategies for the management and prevention of childhood diarrhea.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.71381","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T06:00:20Z","timestamp":1760594420000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Prevalence and Etiology of Diarrhea in Children Under 5 Years Old at the Ngaoundere Regional Hospital, Cameroon: A Cross\u2010Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4145-9788","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michel Archange","family":"Fokam Tagne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science University of Ngaoundere  Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2016-0584","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin","family":"Talom Tangue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science University of Ngaoundere  Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-4157-4954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emilie Laurence","family":"Kuete Diffo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science University of Ngaoundere  Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7938-4443","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul Aim\u00e9","family":"Noubissi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science University of Buea  Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5504-257X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ang\u00e8le","family":"Foyet Fondjo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Sciences for Health, Higher Institute of Applied Sciences University Institute of Gulf of Guinea  Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-7682-329X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yafet","family":"Dourkangou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, Geomatics Laboratory University of Ngaoundere  Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ren\u00e9","family":"Kamgang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Endocrinology and Radioisotopes Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM) Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","unstructured":"WHO \u201cPrincipaux Rep\u00e8res: Maladies Diarrh\u00e9iques \u201d World Heal. 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