{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T17:29:40Z","timestamp":1787246980116,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761609600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Information avoidance refers to deliberately evading or delaying access to freely accessible but undesired information, and eHealth literacy refers to people's capability to comprehend, assess, find, and use health knowledge derived from electronic sources. The present study aims to investigate the health information avoidance and eHealth literacy levels in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) in Fars Province, Iran, and their correlation with each other.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The present research method was a cross\u2010sectional correlational study. The studied population included all patients with MS in Fars Province, Iran, in 2023. The sampling method was convenience sampling with a sample size of 127 people. The data collection tools consist of the Health Information Avoidance Questionnaire and the eHEALS Questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient,\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010test, ANOVA, and Bonferroni test with the help of the SPSS software version 21.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The average score for general health information avoidance was 9.06 out of 20 points, while the average score for MS health information avoidance was 20.52 out of 50, and the average patient eHealth literacy score was 26.28 out of 40 points. However, this analysis found no significant correlation between general health information or MS health information avoidance and eHealth literacy avoidance (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2265\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Most patients show an above\u2010average understanding of health information literacy and minimal health information avoidance. Nevertheless, micro\u2010and macro\u2010level strategies and policies are necessary to decrease this avoidance and enhance eHealth literacy optimally. However, because of the convenience sampling, the generalization to the broader population should be approached with caution.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.71418","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T14:55:16Z","timestamp":1761663316000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Health Information Avoidance and eHealth Literacy in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A Cross\u2010Sectional Correlational Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Leila","family":"Mobasher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Library and Information Science, School of Allied Medical Sciences Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1079-4583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maryam","family":"Shekofteh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Library and Information Science, School of Allied Medical Sciences Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Kazerani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Library and Information Science, School of Allied Medical Sciences Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Jambarsang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Healthcare Data Modeling, Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences Yazd Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Poursadeghfard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neurology Research Center Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Information Avoidance in the Mirror of Literature: A Systematic Review","volume":"6","author":"Naderbeigi F.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Human Information Interaction"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52547\/jipm.37.2.387"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119057840.ch77"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pra2.2017.14505401043"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","first-page":"105","article-title":"Women Empowerment Through Health Information Seeking: A Qualitative Study","volume":"3","author":"Nikbakht Nasrabadi A.","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Community Based Nursing and Midwifery"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22037\/JMLIS.V2I.33107"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2020.102440"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0000315"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5210\/ojphi.v10i3.9487"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/SOCO.2019.37.3.266"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"H.Orom E.Schofield M. 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