{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T17:29:40Z","timestamp":1787246980529,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,23]],"date-time":"2025-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763856000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Premenstrual disorders (PMDs), including premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), are common menstrual\u2010related conditions that significantly impact the quality of life and academic performance of young women. This study aimed to determine their burden and predictors among female university students in Western Uganda.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a cross\u2010sectional study (December 2024\u2013March 2025) at Kampala International University, Western Campus using the Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool (PSST). The PSST comprises symptom items and functional\u2010impairment items with validated diagnostic cut\u2010offs for PMDD and for moderate\u2010to\u2010severe PMS. We performed bivariate and multivariable logistic regression to identify predictors of PMDs, reporting adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 453 participants were enrolled. Overall, 75.9% met PSST diagnostic criteria for a PMD. PMS accounted for 46.3% and PMDD for 29.6% of the sample. Among PMS cases, moderate severity predominated (52.8%), followed by mild (36.2%) and severe (11.0%) categories. Independent predictors of PMDs included enrollment in the School of Allied Health Sciences (aOR\u2009=\u20094.25, 95% CI 1.00\u201318.03,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.050), Muslim religion (aOR = 2.79, 95% CI 1.19\u20136.54,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.020), drug use (aOR = 2.44, 95% CI 1.13\u20135.26,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.024), and history of traumatic events (aOR = 2.24, 95% CI 1.07\u20134.70,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.031).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study demonstrates a substantial burden of PMDs among female university students, with a predominance of moderate symptom severity. These findings support the need for screening and intervention programs within university settings. Targeted psychosocial support, stress\u2010management strategies, and menstrual health services may mitigate the academic and emotional consequences of PMDs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.71538","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T07:49:49Z","timestamp":1763970589000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Premenstrual Disorders, Their Severity Patterns, and Predictors Among Female University Students in Western Uganda: A Cross\u2010Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Marc","family":"Nzambimana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Kampala International University Ishaka Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Okurut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Kampala International University Ishaka Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie Pascaline Sabine","family":"Ishimwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Kampala International University Ishaka Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos Batista","family":"Cedeno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Kampala International University Ishaka Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raissa Marie Ingrid","family":"Niyubahwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Kampala International University Ishaka Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert","family":"Odongo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Kampala International University Ishaka Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suleiman Ali","family":"Sleyoum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Kampala International University Ishaka Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Kato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Kampala International University Ishaka Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed Kiswezi","family":"Kazigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Kampala International University Ishaka Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josiah J.","family":"Mkojera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Kampala International University Ishaka Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1294-2981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Theoneste","family":"Hakizimana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Kampala International University Ishaka Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7860\/JCDR\/2014\/8024.4021"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","first-page":"236","article-title":"Premenstrual Syndrome and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder","volume":"94","author":"Hofmeister S.","year":"2016","journal-title":"American Family Physician"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29011\/2577-1450.100096"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60527-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-023-02290-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4530(03)00098-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1596-3519.68354"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2024.1338304"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-015-0628-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JMDH.S327893"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2010.2128"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104637"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-021-03567-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291710002321.Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","unstructured":"S.Mishra H.Elliott andR.Marwaha Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder. 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