{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T12:47:11Z","timestamp":1776170831471,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764201600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764201600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T\u2010cell therapy has revolutionized the treatment of hematological malignancies, offering durable remissions. However, concerns regarding its neurocognitive and psychological impact have emerged, particularly in patients experiencing immune effector cell\u2010associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS). Despite growing clinical use, the long\u2010term effects on cognitive function, psychological well\u2010being, and quality of life (QoL) remain unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This systematic review evaluates the neurocognitive, psychological, and QoL outcomes associated with CAR T\u2010cell therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Scopus was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and observational studies assessing cognitive function, psychological outcomes (anxiety, depression, PTSD), and QoL post\u2010CAR T\u2010cell therapy. Study quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for RCTs and the Newcastle\u2010Ottawa Scale for observational studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eighteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Up to 44% of CAR T\u2010cell recipients experienced cognitive impairments, particularly in memory, attention, and executive function. ICANS was reported in 25%\u201370% of patients, with severe ICANS in 10%\u201320%. Persistent cognitive deficits were observed beyond 12 months in a subset of patients, particularly those with severe ICANS. Psychological outcomes included anxiety and depression in 35% of patients, with PTSD reported in those experiencing severe neurotoxicity. While QoL improved over time, patients with prolonged neurotoxicity had delayed recovery. EEG\u2010based biomarkers, including the EICANS Score, showed promise in predicting ICANS severity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CAR T\u2010cell therapy is associated with neurocognitive and psychological sequelae, particularly in patients with severe ICANS. Long\u2010term cognitive monitoring, standardized assessments, and targeted rehabilitation strategies are needed to optimize patient outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.71571","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T05:59:53Z","timestamp":1764309593000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Neurocognitive Impact of CAR T Cell Therapy in Hematological Cancers: A Systematic Review of Cognitive Function, Quality of Life, and Psychological Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Ashvath Arumugam","family":"Pillai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"SSPM Medical College and Lifetime Hospital Padve Sindhudurg India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Megha","family":"Tiwari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Science and Commerce SIES College of Arts Mumbai India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sanjana B.","family":"Patil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center Bangalore India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dhruv","family":"Gandhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KJ Somaiya Medical College and Research Center Mumbai India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aparna","family":"Nanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Institute of Management Bangalore India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sukriti","family":"Chugh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kasturba Medical College Manipal India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sumit","family":"Chauhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Government Medical College Patiala India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shivangi","family":"Jha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gaurish","family":"Angawalkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SSPM Medical College and Lifetime Hospital Padve Sindhudurg India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Siddharth Prabhakar","family":"Shinde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SSPM Medical College and Lifetime Hospital Padve Sindhudurg India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5017-083X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sanjit","family":"Sah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Dr. D. 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