{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T19:44:32Z","timestamp":1776800672815,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767744000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Exact pathogenesis of vitiligo is still ambiguous. Different theories explain the loss of melanocytes, such as autoimmune, biochemical, autocytotoxic, metabolic theories, or neural dysfunction theories. None of these theories have been proved yet.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The goal of this investigation was to evaluate the burden of oxidative stress implicated in vitiligo pathogenesis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We evaluated 30 patients with vitiligo and 30 healthy controls of a similar age and gender distribution. We measured catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glucose 6\u2010phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activities in erythrocytes, as well as their plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) by spectrophotometry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      SOD activity in red blood cells (RBCs) and serum MDA levels were significantly higher in vitiligo patients than controls (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.015,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.013; respectively), positivity correlated with disease extent (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.03,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.025; respectively), with the highest levels in universal vitiligo patients, and were significantly higher in disease activity (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.03). While catalase and G6PD activities were significantly lower in vitiligo patients than in controls (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.002,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.010; respectively), negatively correlated with disease extent (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.04,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.031; respectively), with the lowest levels in universal vitiligo, and were significantly lower in disease activity (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.03).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings revealed that oxidative stress is probably implicated in vitiligo pathogenesis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.71699","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T18:35:31Z","timestamp":1767810931000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evaluation of Oxidative Stress in Red Blood Cells From Vitiligo Patients and Its Correlation With Disease Severity and Activity: A Cohort Case\u2010Control Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Yasser Salem N.","family":"Saleh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Sexology, Faculty of Medicine Suez Canal University Ismailia Egypt"},{"name":"Dermatology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine Shaqra University Shaqra Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3074-1347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ghada Farouk","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Sexology, Faculty of Medicine Suez Canal University Ismailia Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maha","family":"Anani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine Suez Canal University Ismailia Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4125-8094","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Altaf","family":"Bandy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine Shaqra University Shaqra Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6582-907X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saleh Salem","family":"Bahaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Sana'a University  Yemen"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8144-0926","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Radwa El\u2010Sayed","family":"Marie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine Suez Canal University Ismailia Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v3.i3.221"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2018.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12060936"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.22027"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2229-5178.120637"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.48427"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.2010.22.3.279"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0749.2004.00149.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox13121576"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.135.4.407"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.15604"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2015.12.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470122860.ch2"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_14_15_1","first-page":"310","article-title":"Red Cell Metabolism. 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