{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T17:27:31Z","timestamp":1783013251995,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769558400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769558400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One of the important complications of knee and hip replacement arthroplasty is prosthetic joint infection (PJI), which is usually accompanied by negative culture that leads to severe consequences compared to positive ones. This study aims to evaluate the arbitrary use or mistreatment of antibiotics for therapeutic purposes before the final diagnosis of PJI and its effect on the culture result and the process of diagnosis and treatment of these infections.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A comprehensive search was performed in PubMed\/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Scopus using the following keywords: \u201cPJI,\u201d \u201cAntibiotic therapy,\u201d \u201cFalse negative,\u201d and \u201cCulture.\u201d We included clinical trials, cohort, case\u2010control, and cross\u2010sectional studies written in English.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among the nine reviewed studies, all mentioned the therapeutic use of antibiotics as an important reason for negative culture results in PJI. Five studies examined the minimum recommended time for discontinuing antibiotic therapy, which varied from 4 days to 3 months. Four studies evaluated the type and dosage of antibiotics, and one study discussed the effect of antibiotics on tissue\u2010infecting microorganisms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using antibiotics for therapeutic purposes is the leading cause of false\u2010negative cultures in joint prosthesis infections, which reduces the sensitivity of the culture in different ways, such as bacterial biofilm formation. Discontinuing antibiotics at least 2 weeks before sampling can help increase the sensitivity of the culturing. More studies should be done on other factors related to the effect of antibiotics on culture results, including the type of antibiotic and microorganism. With the available data, it can only be said that beta\u2010lactams are the most common antibiotics used as therapeutic agents, leading to negative culture results. According to the Al\u2010Mayahi study, therapeutic antibiotics increase the possibility of non\u2010fermenting Gram\u2010negative bacteria growth.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.71799","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T05:11:03Z","timestamp":1769663463000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evaluating the Effect of Therapeutic Antibiotics in Prosthetic Joint Infections Culturing: A Narrative Review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7454-7944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Moein","family":"Zangiabadian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman Kerman Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehrdad Jafari","family":"Tadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fateme","family":"Yousefimoghaddam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Zangiabadian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences Rafsanjan Kerman Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9223-5565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amir Ghaffari","family":"Jolfayi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200011000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-002-3079-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2018.02.078"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.OA.17.00060","article-title":"Culture\u2010Negative Periprosthetic Joint Infection: An Update on What to Expect","volume":"3","author":"Tan T. 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