{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T03:22:03Z","timestamp":1792034523605,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772236800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772236800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite growing interest in the role of vitamin D in various infectious diseases, limited evidence exists regarding its association with platelet (PLT) parameters in patients with COVID\u201019 and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection. This study aims to assess the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and PLT indices in patients with COVID\u201019 and chronic HCV.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study included 113 patients with confirmed COVID\u201019 and 97 patients with chronic HCV infection. All participants were classified into two subgroups based on their vitamin D status (deficient vs. non\u2010deficient). The chi\u2010square test (\u03c72) or Fisher exact test was used to compare the results between the two groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Patients with COVID\u201019 had significantly lower levels of vitamin D compared with HCV patients (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). PLT counts were lower in the COVID\u201019 group, and MPV, PDW, and inflammatory markers (PLR, MPR, and MLR) were significantly higher. Also, a significant negative correlation was observed between vitamin D levels and MPV in both groups (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). In patients with vitamin D deficiency, PLT and inflammatory changes were more pronounced in COVID\u201019 than in HCV.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results of this study showed that COVID\u201019 patients had lower vitamin D levels, lower PLT counts, and higher indices of platelet activation compared with HCV patients. These changes are associated with the severity of the inflammatory response in COVID\u201019 and could be part of the mechanisms that cause thrombotic complications in this disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.71945","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T04:25:14Z","timestamp":1773030314000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Comparative Study on the Effect of Vitamin D Deficiency on Platelet Indices in COVID\u201019 and Hepatitis C Patients; an Observational Comparative Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Motaghi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Hematology Semnan University of Medical Sciences Semnan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6077-3123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazem","family":"Ghaffari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Department of Basic and Laboratory Sciences Khomein University of Medical Sciences Khomein Iran"},{"name":"Students Scientific Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahroo","family":"Mansori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Hematology Semnan University of Medical Sciences Semnan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4996-7656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Ghasemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Research Center Semnan University of Medical Sciences Semnan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2016.02.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2023.1265568"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25423"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.23607"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01913123.2024.2342437"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1371110"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-025-11866-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00380-018-1182-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09537104.2020.1754383"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","first-page":"147","article-title":"Evaluation of Minimal Residual Disease in Acute Myeloid Leukemia With NPM1 Marker","volume":"10","author":"Ghandforoush N. A.","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Hematology\u2010Oncology and Stem Cell Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.19722"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","article-title":"Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis","volume":"10","author":"Ghazizadeh H.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Cardio\u2010thoracic Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5501\/wjv.v13.i3.95349"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(21)00051-6"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","first-page":"488","article-title":"Major Inflammatory Markers and Their Significance in Predicting Severity of COVID\u201019 Disease Pattern","volume":"11","author":"Aedh A. I.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomedicine\/[publi\u00e9e pour l'A.A.I.C.I.G.]"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","article-title":"Role of Platelet Indices and Vitamin D in Forecasting Deterioration of Glycemic Control and Vascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetes","volume":"19","author":"Al Ali M. A. O.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Italian Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2020.03.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-020-04019-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.52.8.1200"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30628-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v13.i17.2436"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.htct.2022.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","article-title":"The Possible Role of Vitamin D in Suppressing Cytokine Storm and Associated Mortality in COVID\u201019 Patients","volume":"2020","author":"Daneshkhah A.","year":"2020","journal-title":"MedRxiv"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2024.1360075"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10245332.2017.1318334"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4274\/gulhane.galenos.2020.762"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3343\/alm.2014.34.2.98"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0008670"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S103298"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.2141"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abd7114"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-18-0432"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114522000149"}],"container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hsr2.71945","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/hsr2.71945","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hsr2.71945","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T17:50:50Z","timestamp":1787248250000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/hsr2.71945"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/hsr2.71945"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hsr2.71945","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2398-8835","2398-8835"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2398-8835","type":"print"},{"value":"2398-8835","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-09-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-21","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e71945"}}