{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T10:02:30Z","timestamp":1789984950219,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779667200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779667200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an increasing worldwide health issue that carries considerable economic implications. Traditional management approaches often fail to provide continuous support between clinical visits, creating gaps in care that lead to suboptimal outcomes. Mobile health (mHealth) innovations have become effective solutions to address these challenges through real\u2010time monitoring and personalized guidance. Therefore, we reviewed the efficacy of mobile health technologies in improving the outcomes of patients with T2DM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This narrative review was conducted by searching PubMed from January 2015 to January 2025, using Keywords such as Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Telemedicine, mHealth, and mobile applications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Out of 1356 studies, 36 studies met the criteria for final evaluation. Mobile health innovations hold significant promise for enhancing both clinical and patient\u2010reported outcomes. These technologies have been shown to positively impact clinical parameters such as glycemic control and cardiovascular risk factors, as well as patient\u2010reported outcomes such as self\u2010efficacy and quality of life.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite growing evidence supporting mHealth clinical utility among patients with T2DM, mobile health solutions still face implementation barriers, including data processing challenges and limited clinical integration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.72116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T05:50:33Z","timestamp":1779774633000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Digital Health Interventions for Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review of Mobile Technologies and Their Impact on Patients' Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1583-7789","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farnam","family":"Gohardehi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2859-8566","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Behdad","family":"Ghanami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8239-7834","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melika","family":"Silakhor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9419-9238","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pooria","family":"Sobhanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2991\/jegh.k.191028.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/diabetes."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2017.151"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.00518","article-title":"The Challenges in the Development of Diabetes Prevention and Care Models in Low\u2010Income Settings","volume":"11","author":"Karachaliou F.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Frontiers in Endocrinology"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12966-021-01238-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","volume-title":"JMIR mHealth and uHealth","author":"Rodriguez\u2010Le\u00f3n C.","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Y.Wang J.Min J.Khuri et al. \u201cEffectiveness of Mobile Health Interventions on Diabetes and Obesity Treatment and Management: Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews.\u201d 8 JMIR mHealth and uHealth. JMIR Publications Inc.; 202.","DOI":"10.2196\/15400"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"F. O.Dike J. C.Mutabazi E.Musa et al. Implementation and Impact of mHealth in the Management of Diabetes Mellitus in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis.H.Ayatollahi.PLOS Digital Health [Internet].2025April 8;4(4):e0000776.https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pdig.0000776.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pdig.0000776"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjdrc-2020-001225"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc22-1929"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2016.0265"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/20322"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-0535"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1357633X211020261"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/37430"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/15390"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/21778"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc17-0230"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14163424"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/12965"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-021-07363-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/19322968211034533"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanepe.2023.100702"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-022-01245-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-024-01114-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.14506"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.15531.2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4733.2004.7s102.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4137\/HSI.S11093"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13690-022-00957-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/24981"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/16665"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14283\/jfa.2021.17"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2015.0180"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/31451"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13098-019-0480-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/19322968211034533"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/17908"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/28033"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/23338"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9745\/GHSP-D-20-00076"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.13031"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc17-2197"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/diabetes.9591"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-016-0619-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/37737"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/17537"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2020.07.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11061314"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-020-05387-z"}],"container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hsr2.72116","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/hsr2.72116","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hsr2.72116","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T09:21:30Z","timestamp":1789982490000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/hsr2.72116"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/hsr2.72116"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hsr2.72116","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2398-8835","2398-8835"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2398-8835","type":"print"},{"value":"2398-8835","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-06-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-10","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-25","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e72116"}}