{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T07:00:23Z","timestamp":1792220423655,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779926400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Antibiotics remain among the most frequently prescribed medications in clinical practice. However, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an inevitable and irreversible consequence of bacterial adaptation to antimicrobial exposure. Despite its clinical importance, data on antibiotic resistance patterns of bacteria from wound infections in Ghana are limited. This study evaluated the prevalence and magnitude of antibiotic resistance among bacterial isolates from infected wounds in a Ghanaian population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This experimental cross\u2010sectional study enrolled 300 patients with suspected wound infections receiving care at MDS\u2010Lancet Laboratories. Wound swabs were collected, cultured on standard media, and incubated at 37\u00b0C for 18\u201324\u2009h, with a second overnight reading. Bacterial identification was based on colony morphology, Gram staining, biochemical testing, and API 20 E\/NE. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using the disc diffusion method. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS v26.0 and GraphPad v9.5.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The predominant isolates were\n                      <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      (23.2%),\n                      <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                      (19.8%),\n                      <jats:italic>Klebsiella<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. (19.2%), and\n                      <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      (15.2%). Gram\u2010negative isolates were most susceptible to aminoglycosides (Amikacin, Gentamicin), carbapenems (Ertapenem, Imipenem, Meropenem), and Tigecycline, whilst showing high resistance to 2nd, 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins (Cefuroxime, Ceftriaxone, and Cefepime, respectively) and Amoxicillin. Gram\u2010positive isolates, including\n                      <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      and coagulase\u2010negative staphylococci, were most susceptible to Gentamicin, Clindamycin, and Erythromycin, but resistant to 1st\u2010 and 2nd\u2010generation cephalosporins (Cefazolin and Cefoxitin respectively), penicillins (Augmentin and Cloxacillin), and Tetracycline. Extended\u2010spectrum \u03b2\u2010lactamase (ESBL) producers accounted for 30.3% of isolates, predominantly\n                      <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      (50%) and\n                      <jats:italic>Klebsiella<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. (43.9%). Methicillin\u2010resistant\n                      <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      (MRSA) and methicillin\u2010resistant coagulase\u2010negative staphylococci (MRCNS) were observed in 34.7% and 66.7% of isolates, respectively.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Aminoglycosides and Linezolid are most effective against Gram\u2010positive and Gram\u2010negative bacteria causing wound infections. However, both Gram\u2010positive and Gram\u2010negative bacteria are resistant to 2nd generation cephalosporins and penicillin. High resistance to cephalosporins and penicillin calls for the necessity of culture\u2010guided therapy for effective wound infection management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.72176","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T05:56:37Z","timestamp":1780034197000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Wound Infection Isolates: High Resistance to Cephalosporins and Penicillin Among Ghanaian Patients in a Cross\u2010Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Nelson","family":"Kwashie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Allied Health Sciences Narh\u2010Bita College Tema Greater Accra region Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Antwi\u2010Baffour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Allied Health Sciences Narh\u2010Bita College Tema Greater Accra region Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1485-8580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lawrence","family":"Annison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Allied Health Sciences Narh\u2010Bita College Tema Greater Accra region Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lydia Ofosua","family":"Appah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Allied Health Sciences Narh\u2010Bita College Tema Greater Accra region Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uwakmfon","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ashanti region Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Solomon","family":"Akpobi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Department, School of Public Health, KNUST\u2010IVI Collaboration Center Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ashanti region Ghana"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Research and Data Science Elite Research and Data Science Institute Kumasi Ashanti Region Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2973-8952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ebenezer","family":"Senu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Research and Data Science Elite Research and Data Science Institute Kumasi Ashanti Region Ghana"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ashanti region Ghana"},{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics The University of Texas at Dallas Richardson Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_15_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmt.2021.101148"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.2.918-922.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jacamr\/dlab027"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2003.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0179245"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_15_7_1","first-page":"148","article-title":"Drug Sensitivity Patterns of Bacterial Isolates From Septic Post\u2010Operative Wounds in a Regional Referral Hospital in Uganda","volume":"7","author":"Anguzu J. 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