{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T10:19:04Z","timestamp":1788344344639,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777766400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004748","name":"Mashhad University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004748","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In competitive sports, minor performance enhancements can significantly impact outcomes, driving athletes to utilize nutritional supplements, though many lack robust scientific evidence. Inorganic nitrate (NO\u2083\u207b) stands out as a well\u2010supported ergogenic aid, particularly for high\u2010intensity activities, enhancing both performance metrics and psychological factors like perceived exertion. Wrestling, characterized by short, intense bursts of activity, necessitates efficient energy metabolism and recovery strategies. This protocol describes a trial to evaluate the acute effects of vitamin C\u2010enriched beetroot supplementation on the performance of semi\u2010professional wrestlers, assessed through upper and lower body Wingate tests.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study will conduct a double\u2010blind, randomized, placebo\u2010controlled crossover trial involving 28 semi\u2010professional wrestlers. Participants will be assigned to receive either a beetroot juice containing 8.4\u2009mmol of nitrate and 90\u2009mg of vitamin C or a placebo. Randomization will be facilitated through a web\u2010based tool, ensuring blinding with placebo drinks. The primary outcome will be maximal anaerobic power, while secondary outcomes will include mean anaerobic power, fatigue index, time to exhaustion, and metabolic markers associated with muscle damage, such as creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase. The trial is registered at IRCT20240407061440N1.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Not applicable (study protocol).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This protocol describes a rigorous trial to evaluate potential ergogenic and recovery benefits of vitamin C\u2010enriched beetroot in wrestling\u2010specific anaerobic performance, addressing gaps in multi\u2010muscle group testing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.72218","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T04:41:23Z","timestamp":1777869683000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Beetroot Plus Vitamin C for Performance and Recovery: Protocol of a Double\u2010Blind, Placebo\u2010Controlled, Randomized Crossover Trial in Semi\u2010Professional Wrestlers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Maedeh","family":"Nojoumi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seyed Alireza","family":"Hosseini Kakhak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of exercise physiology, Faculty of sport sciences Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Ali","family":"Sardar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Education, Faculty Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7343-027X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Jafari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali Jafarzadeh","family":"Esfehani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Rezvani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsnem.2018-0020"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-017-3580-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12061194"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2009.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2011.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01070.2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.107.103523"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.110.153536"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00722.2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu6020605"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsnem.22.1.64"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-010-1418-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01857602"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"B. 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