{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T20:23:10Z","timestamp":1783023790522,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774828800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774828800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Immunotherapies for cancers are tested in large numbers of clinical trials. It is difficult for clinicians and researchers to stay current with the evidence, and traditional systematic reviews and clinical guidelines are not suited to ensure a continued overview of all trials and their results. To address this problem, we designed the Cancer Immunotherapy Evidence Living (CIEL) Library.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included planned, ongoing, and completed interventional trials of immunotherapies for cancer, regardless of trial design (e.g., randomization, blinding, and type of comparator). We systematically searched PubMed (for published reports) and ClinicalTrials.gov (for registered clinical trials). PubMed\u2010retrieved records were screened using the AI\u2010assisted software ASReview and manually extracted and curated. We imported data from ClinicalTrials.gov using the Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative database, which then requires further curation. The CIEL\u2010Library was implemented as a web application. It also contained the \u201cMatch My Patient\u201d feature, a patient\u2010centered clinical decision support system, aiming to filter planned, ongoing, or completed trials based on four patient characteristics (disease staging, previous treatments, performance status, and location). We piloted our database with one type of cancer immunotherapy, the tumor\u2010infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) transfer. The CIEL\u2010Library was a prototype and no further developments are planned.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The CIEL\u2010Library offers a blueprint for a dynamic evidence synthesis infrastructure by providing a collection of clinical trials with curated trial characteristics and results. This blueprint may be applied across fields, specialties, and topics. The main challenges to making a database of clinical trials are the time and resources needed to populate it with curated and updated data. The CIEL\u2010Library project highlights the potential and the main limitations of designing trial databases intended to be used in routine care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.72221","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T04:20:55Z","timestamp":1774930855000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Rationale and Design of the Cancer Immunotherapy Evidence Living (CIEL) Library: A Continuously Updated Clinical Trial Database of Cancer Immunotherapies"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Kim","family":"Boesen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB) University Hospital Basel and University of Basel Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6589-3936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julian","family":"Hirt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB) University Hospital Basel and University of Basel Basel Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Health Eastern Switzerland University of Applied Sciences St. Gallen Switzerland"},{"name":"Institute of Health and Nursing Science, Medical Faculty Martin Luther University Halle\u2010Wittenberg Halle (Saale) Germany"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Research University of Bern Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pascal","family":"D\u00fcblin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Research University Hospital Basel and University of Basel Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heinz","family":"L\u00e4ubli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology University Hospital Basel and University of Basel Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Kassenda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology University Hospital Basel and University of Basel Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars G.","family":"Hemkens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB) University Hospital Basel and University of Basel Basel Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Research University of Bern Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7684-8014","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Perrine","family":"Janiaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB) University Hospital Basel and University of Basel Basel Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Research University of Bern Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s43018-023-00588-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-020-0306-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-018-2484-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-016-0623-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-025-02269-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000001479"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000003988"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","unstructured":"\u201cImmuno\u2010Oncology Landscape \u201d Cancer Research Institute accessed December 11 2023 https:\/\/www.cancerresearch.org\/immuno-oncology-landscape."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/d41573-023-00066-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.15668"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15030663"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","unstructured":"\u201cCancer Vaccines \u201d Cancer Research Institute accessed December 11 2023 https:\/\/www.cancerresearch.org\/treatment-types\/cancer-vaccines."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","unstructured":"\u201cFDA Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research IMLYGIC Approval Documents \u201d (FDA 2023)."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.317.7154.339"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000326"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-4053-2-36"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-018-0856-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2021.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-019-1074-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jamia.2001.0080527"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-020-0221-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m3216"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","unstructured":"\u201cCOVID\u2010Evidence\u2014Evidence \u201d accessed December 11 2023 https:\/\/covid-evidence.org\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","unstructured":"\u201cPragMeta\u2014Generalizability Applicability and Pragmatism of Clinical Trials and Their Impact on Treatment Effect Estimates: A Meta\u2010Epidemiological Study \u201d accessed December 11 2023 https:\/\/pragmeta.org\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-023-07474-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","unstructured":"\u201cCEIT\u2010Cancer\u2014The Comparative Effectiveness of Innovative Treatments for Cancer Project \u201d accessed December 11 2023 https:\/\/ceit-cancer.org\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-018-2877-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-021-02006-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-020-00565-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdz398"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0242173"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","unstructured":"\u201cCancer Cell Therapy Landscape \u201d Cancer Research Institute (CRI) accessed December 11 2023 https:\/\/www.cancerresearch.org\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","unstructured":"\u201cPubMed PubReMiner: A Tool for PubMed Query Building and Literature Mining \u201d accessed December 11 2023 https:\/\/hgserver2.amc.nl\/cgi-bin\/miner\/miner2.cgi."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42256-020-00287-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","unstructured":"\u201cASReview\u2014Active Learning for Systematic Reviews \u201d ASReview accessed December 11 2023 https:\/\/asreview.nl\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/cts.2025.10173"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0033677"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","unstructured":"\u201cAACT Database Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative \u201d accessed December 11 2023 https:\/\/aact.ctti-clinicaltrials.org\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adro.2020.06.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","unstructured":"K.Boesen J.Hirt L. G.Hemkens et al. \u201cThe Cancer Immunotherapy Evidence Living (CIEL) Library Project \u201d accessed December 18 2023 https:\/\/osf.io\/emyhj\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","unstructured":"\u201cDirectus: The Backend to Build Anything or Everything \u201d accessed December 11 2023 https:\/\/directus.io\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1277"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5306\/wjco.v11.i2.53"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2008.10.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","volume-title":"TNM Classification of Malignant Tumours","author":"Brierley J. D.","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000421-198212000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","unstructured":"\u201cWWARN Clinical Trials Publication Library \u201d Infectious Diseases Data Observatory accessed December 11 2023 https:\/\/www.iddo.org\/wwarn\/wwarn-clinical-trials-publication-library."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","unstructured":"\u201cEvidence Map\u2014The Map of Pancreatic Surgery \u201d accessed March 27 2026 https:\/\/map.eviglance.com\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","unstructured":"\u201cEvidence Finder\u2014Orygen Revolution in Mind \u201d accessed December 11 2023 https:\/\/orygen.org.au\/Training\/Evidence-Finder."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2023.104143"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2018.7104"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjhci-2023-100830"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-023-02243-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10637-017-0510-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdt550"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2013.52.2219"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-021-01955-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k3218"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)33220-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdy008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2016.02.012"}],"container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hsr2.72221","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/hsr2.72221","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hsr2.72221","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T19:48:37Z","timestamp":1783021717000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/hsr2.72221"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/hsr2.72221"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hsr2.72221","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2398-8835","2398-8835"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2398-8835","type":"print"},{"value":"2398-8835","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-05-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-11","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-30","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e72221"}}