{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T20:24:15Z","timestamp":1783023855168,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003747","name":"Department of Health, State Government of Victoria","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003747","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Identifying COVID\u201019 cases with high accuracy is essential for epidemiological research on the pandemic's health effects. We aimed to investigate the agreement between a validated self\u2010report questionnaire for COVID\u201019 and dried blood spot serology for SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 antibodies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a cross\u2010sectional analysis of combined survey and SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 antibody data. Between June and October 2023, 311 adults completed a validated self\u2010report COVID\u201019 questionnaire and provided fingertip blood samples, which underwent Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay to quantify IgG antibodies to SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 nucleocapsid (N)\u2010proteins. We applied several statistical approaches to assess agreement: Cohen's \u03ba of inter\u2010rater reliability; positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive values; and logistic and linear regressions of the year of most recent self\u2010reported COVID\u201019 on serostatus and N\u2010protein antibody concentrations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two\u2010thirds (203, 65%) of participants self\u2010reported a history of COVID\u201019 whereas one\u2010third (98, 32%) were seropositive for SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 N\u2010protein antibodies, reflecting only \u201cfair\u201d agreement (\u03ba\u2009=\u20090.23 [95% CI 0.15\u20130.31]). Self\u2010reported COVID\u201019 had a PPV of 41% and an NPV of 87% for SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 seropositivity. PPV was low for those whose most recent self\u2010reported cases were in 2020\u201321 (36%) and 2022 (33%), but higher for 2023 (75%). Compared to participants with no self\u2010reported history of COVID\u201019, those reporting SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection in 2023 had 23 times greater odds of being seropositive (95% CI: 9.18\u201362.5) and had 1078% (617\u20131836%) higher N\u2010protein concentrations, after adjustment for confounders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>While overall agreement self\u2010reported COVID\u201019 and serostatus is only fair, there was a strong relationship exhibited between the two for recent self\u2010reported cases, when serology is most accurate. This suggests that self\u2010reported COVID\u201019 is reasonably accurate for identifying people who have previously had COVID\u201019 as well as determining roughly when infections occurred.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.72267","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T05:33:49Z","timestamp":1775712829000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Agreement Between Self\u2010Reported COVID\u201019 and Dried Blood Spot Serology: A Cross\u2010Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Nicola","family":"Sheppard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Monash University Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew T. C.","family":"Carroll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash Rural Health Churchill Monash University Churchill Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brigitte M.","family":"Borg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Monash University Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Respiratory Medicine Alfred Health Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0282-5837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zheng Quan","family":"Toh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection, Immunity and Global Health Theme Murdoch Children's Research Institute Parkville Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul V.","family":"Licciardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection, Immunity and Global Health Theme Murdoch Children's Research Institute Parkville Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine L.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Monash University Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jillian F.","family":"Ikin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Monash University Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Abramson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Monash University Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Walker\u2010Bone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Monash University Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6089-1827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tyler J.","family":"Lane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Monash University Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.651089"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/qss_a_00076"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m1847"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","unstructured":"Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). 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