{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T10:02:24Z","timestamp":1789984944464,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782432000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":25,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An anal fissure is a tear in the anal canal below the dentate line, affecting one in five people at some point in their lives. Researchers continuously seek new medications for treating this condition. Ostrich oil has shown anti\u2010inflammatory and analgesic effects on wounds, as well as angiogenic and re\u2010epithelialization properties. This study aims to evaluate the effect of ostrich oil on pain reduction and healing in patients with chronic anal fissure (CAF), with implications for improving home\u2010based palliative care strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this clinical trial, 150 patients with CAF were randomly divided into intervention and glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) therapy groups. The intervention group received a combination of GTN 0.2% and ostrich oil 50%, while the GTN therapy group received 0.2% GTN ointment until recovery. Patients were evaluated for visual analog scale (VAS), bleeding, healing, and recurrence with a checklist.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Results showed that ostrich oil significantly reduced pain scores compared to GTN over time (group\u2009\u00d7\u2009time interaction:\n                      <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                      (3,444)\u2009=\u200911.35,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), with lower pain at all post\u2010intervention assessments (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Although ulcer grade and bleeding severity were similar immediately post\u2010treatment, the ostrich oil group demonstrated superior long\u2010term outcomes at 2\u2010 and 4\u2010month follow\u2010ups, including fewer Grade 3 ulcers, less bleeding, and lower recurrence rates (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Ostrich oil thus provided more effective and sustained relief than GTN for pain management and ulcer healing.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results of this study suggest that ostrich oil may reduce pain, accelerate healing, shorten the treatment duration, and prevent recurrence of CAF. Given its ease of application and favorable safety profile, ostrich oil could be considered a valuable component of home\u2010based palliative care strategies for managing CAF.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Trial Registration:<\/jats:bold>\n                      Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT): IRCT20190128042525N4.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.72372","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T12:56:12Z","timestamp":1782478572000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Effect of Ostrich Oil on Pain, Healing, and Recurrence of Chronic Anal Fissure: A Randomized Controlled Double\u2010Blind Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8699-7782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masoumeh","family":"Taghizadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Ali\u2010Ibn Abi\u2010Talib Educational and Treatment Hospital Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences  Rafsanjan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3844-6619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zahra","family":"Kourki Nejad Gharaee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Non\u2010Communicable Diseases Research Center Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences  Rafsanjan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5379-5623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gholamreza","family":"Bazmandegan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiology\u2010Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences  Rafsanjan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6670-1828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zahra","family":"Kamiab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences  Rafsanjan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1500-391X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Ali","family":"Zakeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing Research Center Kerman University of Medical Sciences  Kerman Iran"},{"name":"Clinical Research Development Unit, Ali\u2010Ibn Abi\u2010Talib Hospital Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences  Rafsanjan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9272-6236","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing Nantong Health College of Jiangsu Province  Nantong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8420-9669","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inshal","family":"Jawed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dow Medical College  Karachi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammadreza","family":"Gholamrezapour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Determinants of Health Research Centre Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences  Rafsanjan Iran"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ali\u2010Ibn Abi\u2010Talib Hospital Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences  Rafsanjan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3460-8722","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali Mohammad","family":"Madahian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences  Rafsanjan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_15_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.16705"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2021-066834"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-020-03699-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcol.2020.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-018-3087-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-49244-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_8_1","first-page":"244","article-title":"Follow\u2010Up Results of Combination Treatment of Chronic Anal Fissure","author":"Shelygin Y. A.","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2018.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_10_1","article-title":"Anal Fissure (Chronic)","volume":"2014","author":"Nelson R. L.","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMJ Clinical Evidence"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0000000000000735"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12262-011-0239-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10151-017-1664-2"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_15_14_1","first-page":"78","article-title":"The Approach of Traditional Persian Medicine to Treatment of Anal Fissure","volume":"4","author":"Mosleh G.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Traditional and Integrative Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2156587216650302"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules16075709"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/EA08134"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/RHU.0000000000000563"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2018.03.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/342328"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_15_21_1","first-page":"212","article-title":"Effectiveness of Topical Application of Ostrich Oil on the Healing of Staphylococcus aureus\u2010 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa\u2010Infected Wounds","volume":"59","author":"Farahpour M. R.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Connective Tissue Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5455\/ajvs.183256"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5650\/jos.ess18213"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0000000000002664"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2017.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_26_1","first-page":"798","article-title":"Pain: Areview of Three Commonly Used Pain Rating Scales","volume":"14","author":"Williamson A.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal ofclinical nursing"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_15_27_1","first-page":"1078","article-title":"Effects of Aloe Vera Cream on Chronic Anal Fissure Pain, Wound Healing and Hemorrhaging Upon Defection: A Prospective Double Blind Clinical Trial","volume":"18","author":"Rahmani N.","year":"2014","journal-title":"European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meatsci.2004.11.019"},{"issue":"165","key":"e_1_2_15_29_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Preparation, Characterization and Analgesic Evaluation of a Novel Physical Hydrogel Composed of Opened\u2010Ring Poly (Vinyl Pyrrolidone) and Chitosan Containing Ostrich Oil in Mice","volume":"28","author":"Ahangar N.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11745-003-1104-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1318.2006.01185.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/567920"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.19082\/3035"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6668722"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/6061958"}],"container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hsr2.72372","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/hsr2.72372","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hsr2.72372","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T09:18:31Z","timestamp":1789982311000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/hsr2.72372"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/hsr2.72372"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hsr2.72372","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2398-8835","2398-8835"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2398-8835","type":"print"},{"value":"2398-8835","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-09-21","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-08","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-26","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e72372"}}