{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T10:03:27Z","timestamp":1789380207517,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784851200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Healthcare service delivery considers ethnic diversity as an essential factor in its operations. There's however, limited empirical evidence from Kenyan public hospitals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study aimed to determine how ethnic diversity affects service delivery results, which included staff performance, teamwork, and patient satisfaction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      An analytical cross\u2010sectional study was conducted, including 182 healthcare workers and 210 outpatients. Blau's Index (1 \u2212 \u03a3pi\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) was used to measure ethnic diversity, divided into three groups: low ethnic diversity at 0.3 level or below, moderate ethnic diversity between 0.3 and 0.6 level, and high ethnic diversity above 0.6 level. The researchers obtained data through three instruments: the Team Climate Inventory and the Individual Work Performance Questionnaire and a 5\u2010point patient satisfaction scale. Multivariable regression analysis was used to examine results while controlling for demographic and professional variables.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The average ethnic diversity index across departments showed high diversity with a value of 0.64\u2009\u00b1\u20090.12. The relationship between ethnic diversity and staff performance showed a positive connection with a correlation coefficient of 0.35 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and a 95% confidence interval of 0.22 to 0.47. The research results showed that ethnic diversity accounted for 18.9% of staff performance variations (Adjusted\n                      <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      = 0.189,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Public healthcare facilities experience improved service delivery results when they adopt ethnic diversity as a positive factor.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The positive effects of diversity management require the effective implementation of diversity management initiatives.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.72646","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T07:06:09Z","timestamp":1784876769000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Influence of Ethnic Diversity on Service Delivery Outcomes in Kenyan Public Healthcare"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6176-8935","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Collince Odiwuor","family":"Ogolla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Business and Economics Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology Bondo Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline Sitienei","family":"Koech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Business and Economics Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology Bondo Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josephine","family":"Opondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Business and Economics Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology Bondo Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","first-page":"749","article-title":"The Role of Diversity and Inclusion in Hospital Workforce Management","volume":"7","author":"Alriuili N. 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