{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T17:14:21Z","timestamp":1793812461417,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]],"date-time":"2026-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783814400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sarcopenia, characterized by the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass, function, and strength, has evolved from a descriptive term to a recognized disease with significant implications for individual health and healthcare systems globally.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This scoping review explores the evolution of sarcopenia definitions and diagnostic criteria and the challenges of diagnosing sarcopenia in diverse clinical populations, including chronic kidney disease (CKD), cancer, liver disease, heart failure, and obesity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A literature review was conducted using PubMed\/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, focusing on studies published between 1995 and 2024. Database searches identified 1200 studies. After screening titles and abstracts, 238 studies were selected for full\u2010text review. Ultimately, 36 of these studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final evaluation.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>The review highlights the variability in diagnostic criteria proposed by various working groups, such as the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) and the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS), and discusses the challenges in defining sarcopenia in specific clinical conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings underscore the need for condition\u2010specific definitions and standardized diagnostic tools to improve patient outcomes and advance research in sarcopenia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.72782","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T05:22:12Z","timestamp":1783920132000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Sarcopenia Definitions and Diagnostic Challenges Across Diverse Clinical Populations: A Scoping Review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9497-105X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amirahmad","family":"Nassiri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-4391-0868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minoo","family":"Heidari Almasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Hossein Educational Hospital Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seyed Amirhossein","family":"Salehi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee, School of Medicine Shahid Beheshti Medical University Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Azin","family":"Ebrahimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Researcher Razi Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","first-page":"177","article-title":"Clinical Definition of Sarcopenia","volume":"11","author":"Santilli V.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clinical Cases in Mineral and Bone Metabolism"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/127.5.990S"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","first-page":"24","article-title":"Sarcopenia and the New ICD\u201010\u2010CM Code: Screening, Staging, and Diagnosis Considerations","volume":"34","author":"Falcon L. 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