{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T10:02:49Z","timestamp":1789380169515,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783382400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection can lead to transiently altered lung function in adults, but data is less clear in children. We aimed to summarize the available evidence about respiratory outcomes after COVID\u201019 in childhood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a literature search on post\u2010COVID\u201019 lung function tests (LFT) on the Medline and Cochrane databases, including studies published between 2019 and 2025.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Three hundred forty\u2010seven publications were identified, and 20 were selected. Results are presented in two sections, based on the duration of follow\u2010up. Most studies included spirometry, whereas many of them presented data from diffusing lung capacity for carbon monoxide, multiple breath nitrogen washout, fractional exhaled nitric oxide, impulse oscillometry, 6\u2010minute walking test, and interrupter resistance. Five papers described no association between COVID\u201019 and respiratory outcomes, nor a link between the persistence of symptoms and the outcomes. Other authors reported a mild obstructive pattern which showed reversibility post bronchodilators, or a restrictive pattern, particularly when long\u2010COVID was evident. Some papers showed that pulmonary function may be influenced by the initial severity of the SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Some studies reported no clear association between lung function impairment and previous history of COVID\u201019. Other authors reported mild, transient consequences. A small number of papers concluded that severe infection, which is relatively rare in children, might affect pulmonary function. The main limitation of this review was the high heterogeneity of the included studies, especially regarding the COVID\u201019 severity, the age groups, the LFT details, and the duration of follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.72793","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T05:04:26Z","timestamp":1783487066000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of COVID\u201019 on Subsequent Lung Function in Childhood: A Systematized Review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Benedetta De","family":"Santis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mother, Child and Public Health, Division of Neonatology, Neonatal Unit Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Baldo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mother, Child and Public Health, Division of Neonatology, Neonatal Unit Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Vento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mother, Child and Public Health, Division of Neonatology, Neonatal Unit Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d Rome Italy"},{"name":"Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Nobile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mother, Child and Public Health, Division of Neonatology, Neonatal Unit Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d Rome Italy"},{"name":"Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization Website updated June 10 2025 https:\/\/COVID19.who.int\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-022-02156-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2020-0702"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-022-00846-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000528611"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.220492"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000003285"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.25671"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2021.621019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2022.851008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-022-04493-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14744\/SEMB.2022.36047"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.26779"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000530971"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-024-05421-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4274\/MMJ.galenos.2024.15853"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.26910"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.26059"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.16297"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.26291"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/children9070952"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40348-023-00165-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.26425"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12216891"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2025.107984"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13312-023-3065-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s42490-025-00089-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A.Rammal R.Assaf andM.Kacim Assessment of Supervised Machine Learning Methods for Predicting COVID\u201019 Likelihood inProceedings of the 2025 5th IEEE Middle East and North Africa Communications Conference (MENACOMM) Byblos Lebanon 2025 1\u20136 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/MENACOMM62946.2025.10911021.","DOI":"10.1109\/MENACOMM62946.2025.10911021"}],"container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hsr2.72793","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/hsr2.72793","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hsr2.72793","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T09:06:24Z","timestamp":1789376784000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/hsr2.72793"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/hsr2.72793"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hsr2.72793","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2398-8835","2398-8835"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2398-8835","type":"print"},{"value":"2398-8835","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-10-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-02","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-07","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e72793"}}