{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T10:03:45Z","timestamp":1789380225417,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The effect of time\u2010of\u2010day on postural balance has been documented in sighted children. Given that vision is central to postural control and circadian synchronization, its absence may influence these temporal patterns. To date, the time\u2010of\u2010day effect on postural balance in blind children remains unexamined. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effect of time\u2010of\u2010day on postural balance in blind children and to examine whether its temporal variation differs from the typical daily pattern observed in sighted peers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Two groups participated: 12 blind and 12 age\u2010matched sighted children. Postural balance was assessed using the center of pressure mean velocity (CoP\n                      <jats:sub>Vm<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) during bipedal stance on firm and foam surfaces at 07:00, 12:00, 17:00, and 22:00\u2009h. Quadriceps femoris muscle strength, auditory reaction time (ART), and oral temperature were also evaluated at each time point.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Blind children showed a significant nocturnal decrease in CoP\n                      <jats:sub>Vm<\/jats:sub>\n                      at 22:00\u2009h (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), temporally aligned with a significant increase in lower limb strength (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Oral temperature was significantly lower at 07:00\u2009h (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), whereas no significant time\u2010of\u2010day effect was observed on ART (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.99). In sighted children, at 17:00\u2009h, CoP\n                      <jats:sub>Vm<\/jats:sub>\n                      was significantly lower (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), ART decreased significantly (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), MVC increased significantly (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and oral temperature showed a significant peak (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Time\u2010of\u2010day influences postural balance in blind children, but with atypical fluctuations compared to sighted peers. Postural stability was lower during the diurnal phase in blind participants, highlighting the need for caution during balance\u2010demanding daily activities to reduce fall\u2010related injury risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.72826","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T05:51:16Z","timestamp":1784094676000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Time\u2010of\u2010Day Effects on Postural Balance in Blind Children: A Cross\u2010Sectional Comparative Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0110-4050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rym","family":"Baccouch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratory \u2018Sports Performance Optimization, LR09SEP01 National Center of Medicine and Sport Sciences (CNMSS) Tunis Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2740-959X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rihab","family":"Borji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratory \u2018Sports Performance Optimization, LR09SEP01 National Center of Medicine and Sport Sciences (CNMSS) Tunis Tunisia"},{"name":"High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax University of Sfax Sfax Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rabeb","family":"Laatar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratory \u2018Sports Performance Optimization, LR09SEP01 National Center of Medicine and Sport Sciences (CNMSS) Tunis Tunisia"},{"name":"High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Gafsa University of Gafsa Gafsa Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0347-8053","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Achraf","family":"Ammar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Training and Movement Science, Institute of Sport Science Johannes Gutenberg\u2010University Mainz Mainz Germany"},{"name":"Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR19ES13, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax University of Sfax Sfax Tunisia"},{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, School of Agriculture The University of Jordan Amman Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5482-9151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamdi","family":"Chtourou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax University of Sfax Sfax Tunisia"},{"name":"Research Laboratory: Education, Motricit\u00e9, Sport et Sant\u00e9, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax University of Sfax Sfax Tunisia"},{"name":"Physical Activity, Sport, and Health National Observatory of Sport Tunis Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6015-5915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haithem","family":"Rebai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratory \u2018Sports Performance Optimization, LR09SEP01 National Center of Medicine and Sport Sciences (CNMSS) Tunis Tunisia"},{"name":"High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax University of Sfax Sfax Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3391-9035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sonia","family":"Sahli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratory \u2018Sports Performance Optimization, LR09SEP01 National Center of Medicine and Sport Sciences (CNMSS) Tunis Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3917\/seve.013.0039"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-009-1066-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/07420528409063897"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2007.9.3\/slockley"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-002-0575-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2006.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2305266"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09291016.2019.1573462"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejm200010123431503"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2008.00656.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","first-page":"133","volume-title":"Biological rhythms","author":"Skene D. J.","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1081\/cbi-120024215"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-56-6-1103"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.910139"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18179353"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-012-2415-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07420528.2024.2312814"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-009-1163-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aep295"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","first-page":"405","volume-title":"Proprioception and Neuromuscular Control in Joint Stability","author":"S. M. Lephart","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2022.910540"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2018.00171"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-007-1233-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0145482X0009400204"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6061\/clinics\/2013(04)13"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/02646196211009921"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0145482X211073584"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1754.2000.00501.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0145482X0009400903"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/02646196241226836"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.06.063"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-016-1292-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2015.01.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07420528.2018.1564321"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-010-2524-8"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_13_37_1","first-page":"35","article-title":"Time\u2010of\u2010Day Influences on Static and Dynamic Postural Control","volume":"42","author":"Gribble P. A.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of athletic training"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2011.12.018"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_13_39_1","first-page":"165","article-title":"Human Circadian Rhythms and Exercise","volume":"18","author":"Reilly T.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Critical Reviews in Biomedical Engineering"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1819.2006.01511.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1819.2001.00858.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0b013e3180577796"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0966-6362(01)00156-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2006.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2005.11.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09291016.2013.811032"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2007.05.045"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00140130500101452"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JES.0b013e3182877cc8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/bf03193146"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2010.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2016.1201212"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1076\/brhm.34.4.321.26229"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.1436"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2003.12.102"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09291016.2013.797640"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jir.12798"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000003466"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203771587"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.edurev.2010.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989x.9.2.164"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2008.11.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/pes.22.4.613"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/pes.24.1.84"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e31825770a7"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/mss.0000000000002773"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpi.12730"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07420528.2019.1566741"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2006.11.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4274\/tjo.galenos.2022.59296"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-018-0876-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008473.pub2"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2003.05.014"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_13_74_1","first-page":"447","article-title":"Melatonin: A Major Regulator of the Circadian Rhythm of Core Temperature in Humans","volume":"75","author":"Cagnacci A.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.2000.278.3.R741"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/074873049701200604"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1519\/jsc.0000000000003758"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physiol.00030.2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004210170014"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0264619618780918"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5539\/ies.v9n5p12"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e318183389d"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/02646196241226835"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_13_84_1","first-page":"213","article-title":"Exercise Programming for Individuals With Vision Loss","volume":"57","author":"Esatbeyo\u011flu F.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Spor Hekimli\u011fi Dergisi"}],"container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hsr2.72826","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/hsr2.72826","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hsr2.72826","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T09:11:20Z","timestamp":1789377080000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/hsr2.72826"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":83,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/hsr2.72826"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hsr2.72826","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2398-8835","2398-8835"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2398-8835","type":"print"},{"value":"2398-8835","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-12-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-06","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-14","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e72826"}}