{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T10:02:47Z","timestamp":1789380167153,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784160000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Iran, like many other countries, faces declining population growth and concerns about aging. Rising female participation in higher education and the labor market has positioned education and employment as factors that may conflict with childbearing. Most studies on fertility motivations have focused on childless individuals or one\u2010child families, while little attention has been given to larger families. This study aimed to explore the motivations of childbearing among Iranian working mothers with two or more children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This qualitative content analysis was conducted among 27 working mothers affiliated with Kerman University of Medical Sciences, in southeastern Iran. Participants were selected through purposive sampling with maximum variation. Inclusion criteria required participants to be married for \u2265\u20095 years, have \u2265\u20092 biological children, and express intent for further childbearing. Data were collected via semi\u2010structured interviews and Guba and Lincoln's criteria were applied to increase the trustworthiness and rigor of the study. Data were analyzed using Graneheim and Lundman's method and MAXQDA 2020.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The motivations of working women with two children in childbearing are comprehensive, and four main themes emerged from the responses: (1) positive reproductive memories and support, (2) concerns about single\u2010child outcomes, (3) personal and religious beliefs, and (4) demographic concerns and pronatalist influences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fertility intentions among working women in Iran are shaped by emotionally embedded and culturally situated factors. Understanding these motivations is essential for designing responsive and targeted population policies. The findings support the need for mixed\u2010method research to deepen theoretical insight and enhance generalizability across regions and contexts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.72831","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T06:12:27Z","timestamp":1784268747000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Motivations of Childbearing Among Iranian Working Mothers With Two or More Children: A Qualitative Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7573-0452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neda","family":"Asadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamileh","family":"Farokhzadian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing Research Center Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5808-6503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nouzar","family":"Nakhaee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7155-8488","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sirous","family":"Pourkhajoei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing Research Center Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_15_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-024-06385-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2021.111497"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S.Clark S. 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