{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T07:53:54Z","timestamp":1790927634448,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784937600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784937600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the effects of stabilization exercises added to routine physiotherapy on trunk muscle dimensions, pain intensity, functional disability, and lumbar spine range of motion (ROM) in patients with unilateral lumbar disc protrusion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This randomized assessor\u2010blinded controlled clinical trial was conducted in an outpatient physiotherapy clinic. Sixty patients diagnosed with unilateral lumbar disc protrusion were randomly allocated to an experimental or control group. The control group received routine physiotherapy, while the experimental group received routine physiotherapy combined with supervised stabilization exercises. Trunk muscle dimensions, including thickness of the deep abdominal muscles (transversus abdominis, internal oblique, and external oblique), psoas major, and lumbar multifidus, were assessed using ultrasonography at rest and during contraction. Pain intensity, functional disability, and lumbar spine ROM were also evaluated before and after the intervention. Changes in muscle thickness during contraction were evaluated as indicators of muscle performance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Both groups showed significant improvements in pain intensity, functional disability, and lumbar spine ROM (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). However, the experimental group demonstrated significantly greater improvements in pain intensity and lumbar spine ROM. In addition, muscle thickness during contraction changed significantly in the experimental group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). These changes are interpreted as indirect indicators of potential functional or neuromuscular activation changes rather than definitive structural adaptations.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adding stabilization exercises to routine physiotherapy was associated with improvements in pain, lumbar mobility, and trunk muscle thickness in patients with unilateral lumbar disc protrusion, with potential clinical implications for optimizing conservative physiotherapy programs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.72864","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]],"date-time":"2026-07-26T06:27:33Z","timestamp":1785047253000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of Stabilization Exercises Added to Routine Physiotherapy on Trunk Muscle Dimensions, Pain, Disability, and Lumbar Range of Motion in Patients With Unilateral Lumbar Disc Protrusion: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Morteza","family":"Taghipour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuromusculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Center University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nahid","family":"Rahmani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuromusculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Center University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Ali","family":"Mohseni Bandpei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuromusculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Center University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences Tehran Iran"},{"name":"University Institute of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Lahore Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Rajabzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuromusculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Center University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences Tehran Iran"},{"name":"School of Health, Psychological, and Medical Sciences University of Southern Queensland Toowoomba Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iraj","family":"Abdollahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuromusculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Center University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-0826-6178","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Azadehsadat","family":"Mirtaleb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuromusculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Center University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_16_2_1","first-page":"105","article-title":"[Low Back Pain\u2014From Definition to Diagnosis]","volume":"58","author":"Vrbani\u0107 T. 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