{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T07:54:16Z","timestamp":1790927656826,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785801600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) represents a cornerstone in the therapeutic management of hematological malignancies, aimed at achieving durable remission and enhancing survival. Optimal post\u2010transplant care, however, necessitates access to near\u2010real\u2010time, actionable clinical data. Iran currently lacks a dedicated national surveillance framework for HSCT recipients. This study aims to develop and pilot a comprehensive surveillance system tailored to the complexities of HSCT within the Iranian healthcare context.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This qualitative Participatory Action Research (PAR) study was conducted at a tertiary HSCT center in Iran (2024\u20132025). Using purposive sampling, 15 stakeholders (hematologists, nurses, informaticians, and registry experts) with 5 years of experience were recruited. Data comprised 46 iterative, semi\u2010structured interviews (face\u2010to\u2010face and telephone) conducted until data saturation was reached. Thematic analysis with independent double coding and triangulation (methodological, data source, and theoretical triangulation against EBMT\/CIBMTR standards) ensured credibility. A pilot phase tested feasibility, followed by iterative refinement based on stakeholder feedback prior to institutional integration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Qualitative synthesis identified three pivotal domains for establishing a national HSCT surveillance system: transplant\u2010specific clinical challenges, systemic barriers to development, and essential implementation phases. Primary impediments included regulatory and policy gaps, acute resource constraints, and technological deficits. Key developmental steps involved the standardization of case definitions, the design of robust data acquisition protocols, and the selection of evidence\u2010based performance indicators. The pilot implementation highlighted critical operational hurdles, such as increased clinician workload and data entry burdens, which subsequently informed the development of tailored technical and structural solutions for the hospital\u2010based rollout.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study provides a replicable methodological roadmap for establishing standardized HSCT monitoring systems in middle\u2010income countries. By identifying longitudinal data gaps and treatment deficiencies, this framework fosters multi\u2010level collaboration with policymakers and advocates for evidence\u2010based clinical practices to ultimately improve patient outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.72940","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T06:13:53Z","timestamp":1785910433000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Rationale and Methods of a Surveillance System for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients With Hematological Malignancies: A Qualitative Participatory Action Research Approach in Middle\u2010Income Countries\u2014The Experience in Iran"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8953-3146","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sima","family":"Oshnouei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7123-9252","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamad","family":"Jebraeily","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Information Technology, School of Allied Medical Sciences Urmia University of Medical Sciences Urmia Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6778-8750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohsen","family":"Asadi\u2010Lari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Oncopathology Research Center Iran University of Medical 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