{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T07:53:51Z","timestamp":1790927631033,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,16]],"date-time":"2026-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786838400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Human resources play a vital role in healthcare service delivery and efficiency. With increasing use of information technology and growing demand for IT\u2010related projects, appropriate workforce planning is essential to ensure adequate staffing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This descriptive\u2013analytical study was conducted in 2023 to estimate and compare IT workforce requirements in 27 district health networks (DHNs) affiliated with Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, using the Workload Indicators of Staffing Need (WISN) and Multi\u2010Criteria Decision\u2010Making (MCDM) approaches. A nine\u2010member expert group participated throughout the study in reviewing the data\u2010collection process, WISN activity classification and standardization, and the selection and weighting of MCDM factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>WISN provided valid workforce estimates for 21 of 27 DHNs. The estimates were identical to MCDM results in 15 of 21 DHNs (71.4%). Differences between the two methods were no greater than 0.5 IT experts in 19 DHNs (90.5%), while a difference of one expert was observed in two DHNs (9.5%). Based on the estimated staffing requirements, the projected ratio would be approximately one IT expert per 145 personnel across the 27 DHNs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>WISN and MCDM produced broadly concordant workforce estimates in most DHNs. WISN may provide a practical activity\u2010based approach for IT workforce planning when routine workload data are unavailable, provided that activities are systematically recorded over a representative period. MCDM can complement WISN by incorporating organizational and service\u2010related characteristics into workforce planning.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.73035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T06:57:37Z","timestamp":1786949857000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Comparative Analysis of Multi\u2010Criteria Decision\u2010Making Methods and Workload Indicators of Staffing Need in Estimating the Number of Information Technology Experts Needed for District Health Networks: A Descriptive\u2013Analytical Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1258-2592","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Majid","family":"Jangi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Information Technology Research Center Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8472-8247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Azadeh Shayan","family":"Babokani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics and Information Technology Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Hossein","family":"Masoudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics and Information Technology Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-0407-4035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohsen","family":"Rezaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics and Information Technology Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7945-9214","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nasim Ghalili","family":"Najafabadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics and Information Technology Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9564-7808","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mozhgan","family":"Kazemzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics and Information Technology Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"52","key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","first-page":"45","article-title":"An Exploration of the Components and Indicators of Knowledge\u2010Based Staffing Strategy in the Banking Sector Using the Rajan Evaluation Model","volume":"13","author":"Eftekharnejad F.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Business Management"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.30958\/ajh.3-1-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","volume-title":"Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development","author":"United Nations General Assembly","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12960-021-00695-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/SHR-01-2020-0004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jamiaopen\/ooy029"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","unstructured":"W.HershandA.WrightCharacterizing the Health Information Technology Workforce: Analysis From the HIMSS Analytics Database [Internet]. 2008 [Cited June 3 2024]. Available From:https:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=569dfa69965b4e13f38558b41e5f8f8975ada3f8."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4338\/ACI-2009-11-R-0011"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","first-page":"77","article-title":"Future of Health Information Technology Positions and Professional Qualifications of Employees","volume":"17","author":"Farzandipour M.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Medical Education"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.2230"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","first-page":"56","article-title":"Evaluation of Human Resources in the Hospitals Affiliated to Babol University of Medical Sciences and Social Security of Qaemshahr City Based on the Iranian Ministry of Health Standards","volume":"18","author":"Niazi S. H.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","volume-title":"Observatory on Health System, Islamic Republic of Iran","author":"Harirchi I.","year":"2022"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","first-page":"57","article-title":"Estimation of the Required Staffing Capacity of Selected Hospitals in Yazd City, Iran, in Accordance With Staffing Standards of Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education in Year 2017","volume":"16","author":"Shafii M.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Health Information Management"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","volume-title":"World Health Organization. Workload Indicators of Staffing Need (WISN): A Manual for Implementation","author":"Shipp P. 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