{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T07:54:18Z","timestamp":1790927658227,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787097600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Short Warwick\u2010Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale, SWEMWBS, is a self\u2010rating scale designed to measure positive aspects of mental health. The aim of the present study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the official Swedish translation of the SWEMWBS within a representative sample of Swedish adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data from 31,802 participants aged 18\u2013102 years were retrieved from the public health survey Life and health. Reliability was investigated by examining the internal consistency with McDonald's omega in different age groups. Convergent validity was evaluated by examining Spearman's rho correlations with the six\u2010item Kessler psychological distress scale (Kessler\u20106). Structural validity was investigated through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, and measurement invariance across age groups was examined using multi\u2010group confirmatory factor analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The internal consistency was strong, with omega values ranging from 0.87 to 0.89 in the different age groups. The correlations between SWEMWBS and Kessler\u20106 in the different age groups were statistically significant and strong, ranging from \u22120.62 to \u22120.75. The factor analyses offered support to the single\u2010dimension structure but showed better fit for a two\u2010factor model. Measurement invariance testing demonstrated stable psychometric properties across age groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The official Swedish translation of SWEMWBS has strong reliability and convergent validity. Although the two\u2010factor model showed superior fit, a strong correlation between factors indicated substantial overlap suggesting that the scale could be considered unidimensional, in line with previous research. The difference in factor structure compared to the original English version might be due to language differences or the gathering of data during the covid\u2010pandemic. The most noticeable strength of the current study is the large age\u2010stratified sample, including the oldest old.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.73089","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T05:38:43Z","timestamp":1787204323000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Short Warwick\u2010Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale in Swedish: A Large\u2010Scale Study of Reliability and Validity in Adults"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7730-7733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frida Ekbom","family":"Lodin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Habilitation Services, Uppsala County Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0707-0832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johnny","family":"Pellas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","unstructured":"Organization WH \u201cWHO Fact Sheets: Strengthening Mental Health Promotion \u201d (2001)."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","unstructured":"The University of Warwick \u201cThe Warwick\u2010Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scales \u2010 WEMWBS \u201d (2025) https:\/\/warwick.ac.uk\/services\/innovations\/wemwbs."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.52.1.141"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.73.3.539"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","volume-title":"Learning ACT: An Acceptance & Commitment Therapy Skills Training Manual for Therapists","author":"Luoma J. B.","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7525-5-63"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7525-7-15"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1403494815588862"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2021.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jad.12066"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e27620"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","unstructured":"Region \u00d6rebro l\u00e4n. Liv & h\u00e4lsa (2024) https:\/\/utveckling.regionorebrolan.se\/sv\/valfard-och-folkhalsa\/folkhalsan-i-siffror\/liv--halsa\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.60.2.184"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mpr.310"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","unstructured":"National comorbidity survey \u201cK10 and K6 Scales [date unknown]\u201d https:\/\/www.hcp.med.harvard.edu\/ncs\/k6_scales.php."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mpr.2033"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21501378.2021.1940118"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.112.1.155"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.795672"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10705510701301834"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2023.115465"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10705519909540118"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10705511.2019.1611434"}],"container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hsr2.73089","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/hsr2.73089","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hsr2.73089","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T07:15:11Z","timestamp":1790925311000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/hsr2.73089"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/hsr2.73089"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hsr2.73089","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2398-8835","2398-8835"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2398-8835","type":"print"},{"value":"2398-8835","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-10-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-14","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-19","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e73089"}}