{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T07:55:39Z","timestamp":1791186939897,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788393600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The demographic shift toward an older global population is increasing the burden of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD). While age is the strongest risk factor, environmental toxicants are increasingly recognized as contributors to cognitive decline. Plastics and rubber manufacturing facilities emit neurotoxic chemicals, yet their relationship to ADRD risk remains understudied. This study assesses whether exposure to plastics\/rubber industry emissions is associated with ADRD risk and whether sociodemographic factors influence this relationship.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We linked geocoded Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) data with Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) records and Neighborhood Change Database (NCDB) Census data. Historical exposure to plastics\/rubber emissions and time\u2010varying sociodemographic characteristics were measured from 1990 to 2017, leveraging PSID's longitudinal structure to capture residential mobility. ADRD risk was defined as a positive AD8 screen (\u2265\u20092 endorsed cognitive challenges) in 2017, 2019, 2021, or 2023. Logistic regression models estimated ADRD risk as a function of average total pounds of chemicals released from the nearest TRI facility to each individual's census tract of residence over time, adjusting for individual and neighborhood characteristics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Moderate emissions exposure was significantly associated with elevated ADRD risk (OR\u2009=\u20091.34), independent of income and neighborhood disadvantage. Neighborhood disadvantage was also strongly predictive of ADRD risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Environmental emissions may represent a modifiable risk factor for ADRD and contribute to disparities in cognitive aging.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.73185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T04:23:06Z","timestamp":1788495786000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Long\u2010Term Industrial Emissions Exposure and Cognitive Impairment in Older U.S. Adults: A Longitudinal Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8294-8715","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabrielle E.","family":"Husted","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography University of California\u2010Santa Barbara Santa Barbara California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4915-6204","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan L.","family":"Cassels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography University of California\u2010Santa Barbara Santa Barbara California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth S.","family":"Ackert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography University of California\u2010Santa Barbara Santa Barbara California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara B.","family":"Bendlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Medicine University of Wisconsin\u2010Madison Madison Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","unstructured":"We Inhale a Credit Card's Worth of Microplastics Each Week. 2024 accessed July 26 2026 https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/reel\/video\/p0h7vcts\/watch."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare9050603"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.144010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-016-6039-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40572-017-0140-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.05.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2018.304621"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-2765"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2020.306014"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hazl.2022.100071"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12068"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","unstructured":"Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures. Alzheimer's Association accessed April 28 2026 https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/facts-figures."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","unstructured":"Dementia Statistics. Published online2021 https:\/\/www.alzint.org\/about\/dementia-facts-figures\/dementia-statistics\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.37765\/ajmc.2020.88482"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","unstructured":"Projected Prevalence and Cost of Dementia: 2022 Update. November 1 2022 accessed July 26 2026 https:\/\/milkeninstitute.org\/content-hub\/research-and-reports\/reports\/projected-prevalence-and-cost-dementia-2022-update."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30367-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-020-0721-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13421"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms7010014"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","unstructured":"Biomonitoring: Phthalates. Published online2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/scu.2020.0029"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/ac4360"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","unstructured":"US: Louisiana's \u2018Cancer Alley' | Human Rights Watch accessed July 26 2026 https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/news\/2024\/01\/25\/us-louisianas-cancer-alley."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/msystems.00724-19"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22052719"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.09.053"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.04.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","unstructured":"US EPA O. EPA Researchers Release Cumulative Impacts Report Prioritizing Environmental Justice in New Research Cycle accessed April 13 2024 https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/sciencematters\/epa-researchers-release-cumulative-impacts-report-prioritizing-environmental-justice."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","unstructured":"Taking Stress in STRIDE: Learning How to Support Brain Health. Center for Aging Research and Education accessed April 13 2024 https:\/\/care.nursing.wisc.edu\/2020\/10\/27\/taking-stress-in-stride-learning-how-to-support-brain-health\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1742058X16000205"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000247042.15547.eb"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000172958.95282.2a"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.2792"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00401706.1992.10485291"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13359"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13027"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bsa3.70030"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/ADR-240020"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2023.2120"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.70095"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/07334648251359005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00150-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-soc-071913-043350"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","unstructured":"US EPA O. EPA Announces Intent to Regulate Dozens of Uses of Five Phthalate Chemicals to Protect Workers and Environment accessed July 26 2026 https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/newsreleases\/epa-announces-intent-regulate-dozens-uses-five-phthalate-chemicals-protect-workers-and."}],"container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hsr2.73185","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/hsr2.73185","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hsr2.73185","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T07:42:16Z","timestamp":1791186136000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/hsr2.73185"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/hsr2.73185"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hsr2.73185","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2398-8835","2398-8835"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2398-8835","type":"print"},{"value":"2398-8835","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-03-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-26","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-03","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e73185"}}