{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T12:40:49Z","timestamp":1792413649339,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790035200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Emotional intelligence (EI) is a key determinant of professional competence, interpersonal communication, and psychological well\u2010being in the medical field. Among medical students, EI supports empathy, effective communication, and stress management. However, researchers have found limited data on EI levels among medical students in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To assess the level of EI among MBBS students in KP, Pakistan, and to examine its association with selected demographic variables. Participants from all academic years were recruited using convenience sampling. EI was assessed using the Schutte Self\u2010Report Emotional Intelligence Test (SSEIT). Demographic variables included age, gender, year of study, and history of psychiatric illness. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 26.0, and associations between EI and demographic variables were tested. A\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010value\u2009&lt;\u20090.05 was considered statistically significant.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 376 students participated; 234 (62.2%) were female, and 142 (37.8%) were male. Of these, 303 (80.6%) were from 11 public and 73 (19.4%) from 10 private medical colleges. The mean EI score was 123.14\u2009\u00b1\u200913.12. Female students had significantly higher overall EI scores than males (123.63\u2009\u00b1\u200913.32 vs. 120.66\u2009\u00b1\u200915.28;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.048) and scored higher in empathy\/social skills (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003) and self\u2010motivation\/adaptability (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003). The majority of participants had moderate (44.2%) and high (54.5%) levels of EI, and 1.3% had low EI; there were no significant differences by type of institution and year of study.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Medical students in KP demonstrated moderate to high levels of EI. Female students had significantly higher EI scores, particularly in empathy and adaptability. No significant differences were observed based on institution type or year of study. These findings support integrating EI training into medical curricula.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.73274","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T04:51:24Z","timestamp":1790139084000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessing the Level of Emotional Intelligence Among Medical Students in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan: A Cross\u2010Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-7606-7071","authenticated-orcid":false,"family":"Aneika","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Gomal Medical College (KMU) Dera Ismail Khan Pakistan"},{"name":"Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh Edinburgh Scotland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0476-0636","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tauseef Ur","family":"Rehman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KMU\u2010Institute of Dental Sciences Kohat Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asma","family":"Irfan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Gomal Medical College (KMU) Dera Ismail Khan Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Brekhna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Gomal Medical College (KMU) Dera Ismail Khan Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3026-7734","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Shahab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Gomal Medical College (KMU) Dera Ismail Khan Pakistan"},{"name":"Royal College of Physicians of London Camden Greater London England"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6597-4852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hafiz Muhammad Moaaz","family":"Sajid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Punjab Medical College Faisalabad Medical University Faisalabad Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8275-5713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inibehe Ime","family":"Okon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research Medical Research Circle (MedReC) Bukavu Democratic\u00a0Republic\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0Congo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-023-05344-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-023-04417-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-023-04570-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.54393\/pbmj.v7i6.1114"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12669\/pjms.39.6.7399"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-024-05781-9"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","first-page":"76","article-title":"Do We Need to Care: Emotional Intelligence and Empathy of Medical and Dental Students","volume":"31","author":"Irfan M.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad: JAMC"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12669\/pjms.293.3642"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21649\/akemu.v29i2.5443"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12669\/pjms.41.1.9748"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2923.2010.03709.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_1","volume-title":"Emotional Intelligence: Why It Can Matter More Than IQ","author":"Goleman D.","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2923.2007.02802.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327965pli1503_02"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2923.2007.02795.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.37185\/LnS.1.1.769"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare9121696"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-017-0884-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/sjmms.sjmms_375_19"}],"container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hsr2.73274","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/hsr2.73274","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hsr2.73274","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T11:48:30Z","timestamp":1792410510000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/hsr2.73274"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/hsr2.73274"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hsr2.73274","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2398-8835","2398-8835"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2398-8835","type":"print"},{"value":"2398-8835","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-01-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-10","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-22","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e73274"}}