{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T04:42:14Z","timestamp":1792384934805,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Girls' access to education in Bangladesh has improved markedly. Yet women remain underrepresented in Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Mathematics (STEAM). Quantitative evidence on the factors linked to female students' STEAM career interest is limited. This study examined how confidence, family support, access to digital resources and female role\u2010model exposure relate to STEAM career interest. It also examined whether these factors differ between urban and rural students.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A cross\u2010sectional online survey was conducted between July and September 2025. Participants were 424 female students recruited through purposive sampling (65.09% undergraduate, 27.83% higher secondary, 6.84% secondary; 73.58% urban). Each construct was measured with a single five\u2010point Likert item. Analyses included Spearman correlations, chi\u2010square tests, Welch\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010tests, Mann\u2010Whitney\n                      <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic>\n                      tests, and ordinal and binary logistic regression. MANOVA and K\u2010means clustering were used as exploratory analyses.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In the binary logistic regression with all four factors, confidence (OR\u2009=\u20091.97, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.53\u20132.53) and family support (OR\u2009=\u20092.23, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.74\u20132.87) were associated with higher odds of STEAM career interest. Role\u2010model exposure was not associated with interest (OR\u2009=\u20091.15,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.212). Access showed no positive association (OR\u2009=\u20090.76,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.035). Results were similar after adjustment for location and educational level, and after excluding probable duplicate submissions. Urban respondents reported stronger family encouragement than rural respondents (\u03c7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      (4)\u2009=\u200918.43,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001, Cram\u00e9r's V\u2009=\u20090.21). Confidence and digital access did not differ significantly by location.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this research, STEAM career interest was associated jointly with self\u2010confidence and family support. Digital access and role\u2010model exposure showed no independent positive association. Interventions that combine confidence building with family and teacher engagement, and that embed role models in sustained mentoring, may be more promising than single\u2010factor approaches. Longitudinal and representative studies are needed to confirm these associations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.73365","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T12:57:46Z","timestamp":1791982666000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Factors Associated With STEAM Career Interest Among Female Students in Bangladesh: A Cross\u2010Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7605-306X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farhana","family":"Yasmin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sociology Dhaka International University Dhaka Bangladesh"},{"name":"Skill Morph Research Lab., Skill Morph Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8658-3129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mosammat Shamima","family":"Nasrain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Arts and Sciences Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2236-1923","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pretty","family":"Bowm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sociology Dhaka International University Dhaka Bangladesh"},{"name":"Skill Morph Research Lab., Skill Morph Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9144-9185","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jemima Jahan","family":"Meem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environment and Development Studies United International University Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2340-1151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Israt","family":"Zahan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Administration University of Barishal Barishal Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5120-2911","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md. Alamgir","family":"Hossain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Skill Morph Research Lab., Skill Morph Dhaka Bangladesh"},{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering State University of Bangladesh Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32865\/fire202172261"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","unstructured":"United Nations Sustainable Development Group (UNSDG) \u201cInternational Day of Women and Girls in Science: Empowering Future Generations \u201d 2025.https:\/\/unsdg.un.org\/latest\/stories\/international-day-women-and-girls-science-empowering-future-generations."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.54676\/WVCF2762"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","volume-title":"Status and Trends of Women in Science: New Insights and Sectoral Perspectives","author":"UNESCO Institute for Statistics","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","volume-title":"Changing the Equation: Securing STEM Futures for Women","author":"Straza T.","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","volume-title":"Engineering and Mathematics (STEM)","author":"UNESCO","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","volume-title":"Women in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) in the Asia Pacific","author":"UNDP","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s41979-025-00149-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40594-023-00443-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13140\/RG.2.2.10648.30725"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09614524.2023.2229965"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.worlddev.2018.06.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"in The Palgrave Handbook of Global Social Problems. 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