{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T23:50:19Z","timestamp":1792021819196,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,5]],"date-time":"2018-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1536105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001538","name":"Victoria University of Wellington","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001538","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe self\u2010management recommendations for sickle cell disease (SCD) care among health professionals who manage SCD in Ghana.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nine health care professionals (nurses, doctors, and physician assistants) who work in SCD were interviewed. The semistructured interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analysed using the qualitative content analysis method. Self\u2010management recommendations were conceptualised as preventive health, self\u2010monitoring, self\u2010diagnosis, self\u2010treatment, and self\u2010evaluation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Preventive health recommendations were the commonest, where the professionals described similar topics including avoidance of cold temperature, frequent oral hydration, and healthy nutrition. Self\u2010monitoring recommendations included regular checks for pallor, urine colour, and splenic enlargement. Self\u2010diagnosis recommendations were captured as warning signs and included pain, fever, unusual feelings, and enlarged spleen. Pain and fever management were the focus of most self\u2010treatment advice, and there were some self\u2010treatment recommendations for dactylitis, anaemia, and priapism. There was considerable variation in the strategies recommended for the management of individual SCD\u2010related problems.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ghanaian health professionals involved in SCD care provide limited and inconsistent self\u2010management recommendations. There is a need for the development of SCD standards and guidelines that support effective self\u2010management. Health professionals working in SCD require continuing education in self\u2010management.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.88","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,6]],"date-time":"2018-09-06T05:39:44Z","timestamp":1536212384000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Self\u2010management recommendations for sickle cell disease: A Ghanaian health professionals' perspective"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"1","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1614-6579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrews","family":"Druye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing and Midwifery University of Cape Coast  Cape Coast Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Victoria University of Wellington  Wellington New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Victoria University of Wellington  Wellington New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61229-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","first-page":"241","article-title":"Health care provision for sickle cell disease in Ghana: challenges for the African context","volume":"5","author":"Dennis\u2010Antwi JA","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diversity in Healt and Social Care"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","unstructured":"WHO Sickle Cell disease: a strategy for the WHO African Region (Sixteenth session) report of the regional Director Malabo 2010."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.06.036673"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0027-9684(15)30722-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","volume-title":"Evidence\u2010Based Management of Sickle Cell Disease","author":"National Heart Lung & Blood Institute","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","volume-title":"The Management of Sickle Cell Disease","author":"National Heart Lung & Blood Institute","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","unstructured":"National Heart Lung & Blood Institute Evidenced\u2010based management of sickle cell disease: expert panel report in: US Department of Health and Human Services: National Institute of Health (Ed.) 2014."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","unstructured":"UN Recognition of sickle\u2010cell anaemia as a public health problem: A\/RES\/63\/237. 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