{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T05:26:26Z","timestamp":1767677186563,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,21]],"date-time":"2022-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668988800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Science Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>From 2019 till the present, infections induced by the novel coronavirus and its mutations have posed a new challenge for healthcare. However, comparative studies on pediatric infections throughout waves are few. During four different pandemic waves, we intended to investigate the clinical and epidemiological characteristic of the pediatric population hospitalized for severe acute respiratory\u00a0syndrome coronavirus 2\u00a0(SARS\u2010CoV\u20102) virus infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Between March 2020 and December 2021, we performed our retrospective research on children infected with the SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 virus at the University of Szeged. We analyzed the data of all patients who required hospitalization due to positive results of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 tests (Nucleic Acid Amplification Test or rapid antigen test). Data analysis included demographic data, medical history, clinical findings, length of hospitalization, and complications, using medical records.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, data from 358 coronavirus\u2010infected children were analyzed. The most affected age group was children over 1 month and under 1 year (30.2%). The highest number of cases was recorded in the fourth wave (53.6%). Fever (65.6%), cough (51.4%), nasal discharge (35.3%), nausea and vomiting (31.3%), and decreased oral intake (28.9%) were the most common symptoms. The most common complications were dehydration (50.5%), pneumonia (14.9%), and bronchitis\/bronchiolitis (14.5%). Based on RR values, there are considerable differences in the prevalence of the symptoms and complications between the different age groups and waves. Cox proportional hazard model analyzes showed that fever and tachypnoea had a relevant effect on days to recovery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found trends similar to those previously published, overall statistics. The proportion of children requiring hospitalization varied from wave to wave, with the fourth wave affecting the Hungarian child population the most. Our findings suggest that hospitalization time is unrelated to age, but that certain symptoms (fever and tachypnoea) are associated with longer hospitalization. The onset of certain symptoms may differ by age group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.937","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,22]],"date-time":"2022-11-22T05:49:15Z","timestamp":1669096155000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Epidemiology and clinical features of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection in hospitalized children across four waves in Hungary: A retrospective, comparative study from March 2020 to December 2021"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9211-6593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea T.","family":"Tak\u00e1cs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Paediatric Health Center University of Szeged Szeged Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1ty\u00e1s","family":"Bukva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microscopic Image Analysis and Machine Learning, Biological Research Centre, E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd Research Network Institute of Biochemistry Szeged Hungary"},{"name":"Department of Immunology University of Szeged Szeged Hungary"},{"name":"Data Science and Me Ltd Szeged Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriella","family":"Gavall\u00e9r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Paediatric Health Center University of Szeged Szeged Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katalin","family":"Kapus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Paediatric Health Center University of Szeged Szeged Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1ria","family":"R\u00f3zsa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Paediatric Health Center University of Szeged Szeged Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bogl\u00e1rka","family":"B\u00e1n\u2010Gagyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Paediatric Health Center University of Szeged Szeged Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1ria","family":"Sink\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Paediatric Health Center University of Szeged Szeged Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D\u00e1niel","family":"Sz\u0171cs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Paediatric Health Center University of Szeged Szeged Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriella","family":"Terhes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology University of Szeged Szeged Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Csaba","family":"Bereczki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Paediatric Health Center University of Szeged Szeged Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.\u00a02022. 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