{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T07:12:56Z","timestamp":1791357176406,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,28]],"date-time":"2010-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1275004800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Human Psychopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of the study was to investigate the association between genetic variation in the tumor necrosis factor\u2010alpha (<jats:italic>TNF\u2010\u03b1<\/jats:italic>) gene and longitudinal weight change during long\u2010term clozapine treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty\u2010five patients with refractory schizophrenia treated with clozapine for 8 years were recruited. Gender, age, treatment response to clozapine in the first 14 months, baseline BMI, clozapine dose, concomitant use of mood stabilizers and other antipsychotics, and \u2212308 G\u2009&gt;\u2009A polymorphism in the human <jats:italic>TNF\u2010\u03b1<\/jats:italic> gene were analyzed using generalized estimating equations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In addition to having a lower baseline BMI (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0013) and a longer treatment time (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.050), the \u2212308 GG carriers gained significantly more weight than the \u2212308 A allele carriers (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0084) during 8 years of clozapine treatment, after controlling for other non\u2010genetic factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The \u2212308 G\u2009&gt;\u2009A genetic variant of the <jats:italic>TNF\u2010\u03b1<\/jats:italic> gene is associated with longitudinal weight change during clozapine treatment. Follow\u2010up duration is an important factor to consider when performing pharmacogenetic study of clozapine\u2010induced weight gain. Copyright \u00a9 2010 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.1122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,28]],"date-time":"2010-05-28T10:17:45Z","timestamp":1275041865000},"page":"303-309","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Genetic association between <i>TNF\u2010\u03b1<\/i> \u2212308 G&gt;A polymorphism and longitudinal weight change during clozapine 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