{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T15:21:11Z","timestamp":1791300071332,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,15]],"date-time":"2012-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1339718400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Human Psychopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tourette Syndrome (TS) is characterized by motor and vocal tics. Its pharmacological treatment is often a challenge because of the so\u2010called tachyphylactic effects. Aripiprazole has been reported to be effective in small case series with short follow\u2010up periods.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a retrospective analysis, we assessed the effect of off\u2010label treatments with aripiprazole in 20 adult patients (mean age 27.4) divided in a group of severely [67 Yale Global Tourette Severity Scale (YGTTS)\u2010total] and moderately (43.3 YGTTS\u2010total) affected patients. TS patients were treated with aripiprazole (mean 11.8\u2009mg daily) and followed for up to 56\u2009months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Applying a random coefficient model, we found a significant benefit resulting from treatment with aripiprazole. This effect was larger in the severely affected patient group in comparison with the moderately affected patient group. The effect was stable over a time period up to 56\u2009months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Aripiprazole, a neuroleptic drug of the third generation with a partial D<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010agonism is effective in moderately and severely affected adult Tourette patients. We add to the current knowledge through our data extending the follow\u2010up interval up to a maximum of 56\u2009months. All available clinical data strongly support the initiation of a double\u2010blind placebo or other neuroleptic substance controlled trial. Copyright \u00a9 2012 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.2235","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,15]],"date-time":"2012-06-15T06:04:26Z","timestamp":1339740266000},"page":"364-369","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Effectiveness of aripiprazole in the treatment of adult Tourette patients up to 56\u2009months"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Irene","family":"Neuner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy RWTH Aachen University  Aachen Germany"},{"name":"Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich GmbH, Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine (INM 4) Research Centre J\u00fclich  J\u00fclich Germany"},{"name":"JARA Brain \u2013 Translational Brain Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Nordt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Social Psychiatry University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy RWTH Aachen University  Aachen Germany"},{"name":"JARA Brain \u2013 Translational Brain Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfram","family":"Kawohl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Social Psychiatry University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","volume-title":"Applied mixed models in medicine","author":"Brown H","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"21","volume-title":"Tourette's syndrome and Tic disorders. 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