{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:45:15Z","timestamp":1786977915652,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,4]],"date-time":"2013-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1375574400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Human Psychopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The present study was to investigate depression and alterations in the hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013adrenal (HPA) and hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013thyroid (HPT) axis function in methamphetamine (METH) abusers after abstinence. Depression was assessed using the 13\u2010item Beck Depression Inventory (BDI\u201013) scale; blood samples from in\u2010patients who were METH abusers and age\u2010matched and sex\u2010matched healthy controls were collected. The demographic characteristics and history of METH abuse also was assessed. We found that serum levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and thyroxine were increased; and serum levels of cortisol, triiodothyronine, and thyroid\u2010stimulating hormone were decreased; and the BDI score was higher in METH abusers compared with control. In addition, there was no correlation between the BDI\u201013 score and any of hormones of HPA and HPT axis was found. Particularly, we found abnormally higher ACTH level and mismatched with lower cortisol level in abstinent METH abusers. These results indicate that METH abusers and that their HPA and HPT functions are all altered after abstinence. Chronically using METH may destroy the regulatory function of the HPA axis, especially the feedback regulation of cortisol to ACTH. 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