{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T07:17:26Z","timestamp":1791357446182,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,17]],"date-time":"2014-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1392595200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Human Psychopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>We investigated the relationship between the plasma concentration of paliperidone (PAL) and clinical and drug\u2010induced extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) in elderly patients with schizophrenia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, 15 patients with schizophrenia receiving risperidone were switched to PAL and treated for 12\u2009weeks. Their clinical symptoms were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and the Clinical Global Impression\u2010Severity of Illness Scale. Their EPS were assessed using the Drug\u2010induced EPS Scale, Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale, and Barnes Akathisia Scale at baseline and 12\u2009weeks. Plasma concentrations were measured by the liquid chromatography\u2010mass spectrometry\/mass spectrometry method.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results revealed that there were significant correlations between the plasma concentration of PAL and improved Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale total, negative, and general psychopathology scores (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). However, the efficacy did not improve linearly with plasma level. No significant correlations were found between the PAL plasma concentration and the mean change from baseline in the Drug\u2010induced EPS Scale total score, Barnes Akathisia Scale, or Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results of this research suggested that, in elderly patients, although none of an increased plasma concentration of PAL, a worsening of EPS, or an increase in prolactin level occurs, linear clinical efficacy may not be obtained. Copyright \u00a9 2014 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.2393","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,17]],"date-time":"2014-02-17T12:33:00Z","timestamp":1392640380000},"page":"244-250","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Relationship between the plasma concentration of paliperidone and the clinical and drug\u2010induced extrapyramidal symptoms in elderly patients with schizophrenia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Hidenobu","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Suzuki Clinic  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keishi","family":"Gen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Seimo Hospital  Gunma Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Otomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Seimo Hospital  Gunma Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuichi","family":"Inoue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shakomae Kokorono Clinic  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Hibino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Fukui Kinen Hospital  Kanagawa Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayako","family":"Mikami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology Tokai University School of Medicine  Kanagawa Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideo","family":"Matsumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Tokai University School of Medicine  Kanagawa Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katsunaka","family":"Mikami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Tokai University School of Medicine  Kanagawa Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-007-1029-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.154.5.672"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0b013e31828b28d5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5414\/CPP47606"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","first-page":"77","article-title":"Drug\u2010drug interactions associated with second\u2010generation antipsychotics: considerations for clinicians and patients","volume":"40","author":"Conley RR","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychopharmacol Bull"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","first-page":"18","article-title":"Comparison of the effects of different routes of antipsychotic administration on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics","volume":"64","author":"Ereshefsky L","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881105057001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00005334"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","first-page":"2039","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of paliperidone","volume":"13","author":"Furukori H","year":"2010","journal-title":"Jpn J Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4002062"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","first-page":"217","volume-title":"ECDEU Assessment for Psychopharmacology","author":"Guy W. 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