{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:43:42Z","timestamp":1786977822030,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,9]],"date-time":"2014-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1404864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias of Instituto de Salud Carlos III","award":["FIS-EC07\/90466"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FIS-EC07\/90466"]}]},{"name":"Fundaci\u00ef\u00bf\u00bdn Te\u00ef\u00bf\u00bdfilo Hernando"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Human Psychopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To identify genetic markers capable of predicting the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and adverse effects of risperidone.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Genotyping was performed in 70 healthy volunteers receiving a single 1\u2009mg oral dose of risperidone. Risperidone and hydroxyrisperidone plasma levels were measured using high\u2010performance liquid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry. Prolactin concentration was quantified by direct chemiluminescence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Poor\n                      <jats:italic>CYP2D6<\/jats:italic>\n                      metabolizers showed higher risperidone\n                      <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\n                      , area under the curve (AUC), and\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>1\/2<\/jats:sub>\n                      , as well as lower clearance. They also showed lower\n                      <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\n                      and AUC and higher\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>1\/2<\/jats:sub>\n                      for hydroxyrisperidone. Furthermore, individuals with a mutant\n                      <jats:italic>VKORC1<\/jats:italic>\n                      genotype had a lower risperidone AUC and\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>1\/2<\/jats:sub>\n                      and higher clearance. The hydroxyrisperidone AUC was lower in individuals with the\n                      <jats:italic>COMT<\/jats:italic>\n                      mutant genotype. Risperidone increased prolactin levels (iAUC and iC\n                      <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\n                      ), which were higher in women than in men. The most frequent reactions were somnolence (47.1%), headache (21.4%), and dizziness (17.1%). Women had neurological effects and headache more frequently than men. The incidence of headache was associated with polymorphisms in the\n                      <jats:italic>AGTR1<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>NAT2<\/jats:italic>\n                      ; neurological effects were associated with\n                      <jats:italic>CYP2C19<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Differences in the pharmacokinetics of risperidone are due to polymorphisms in\n                      <jats:italic>CYP2D6<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>COMT<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic>VKORC1<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Differences in adverse reactions can be explained by gender and polymorphisms in\n                      <jats:italic>CYP2C19<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>AGTR1<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic>NAT2.<\/jats:italic>\n                      Copyright \u00a9 2014 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.2420","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,9]],"date-time":"2014-07-09T02:31:34Z","timestamp":1404873094000},"page":"459-469","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Effect of polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of risperidone in healthy volunteers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Teresa","family":"Cabaleiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pharmacology Service, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto Te\u00f3filo Hernando Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Princesa (IP) Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dolores","family":"Ochoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pharmacology Service, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto Te\u00f3filo Hernando Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Princesa (IP) Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosario","family":"L\u00f3pez\u2010Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Unit, Gastroenterology Service, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Princesa (IP) Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Rom\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pharmacology Service, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto Te\u00f3filo Hernando Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Princesa (IP) Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jes\u00fas","family":"Novalbos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pharmacology Service, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto Te\u00f3filo Hernando Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Princesa (IP) Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Ayuso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics and Genomics Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Fundaci\u00f3n Jim\u00e9nez D\u00edaz Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Abad\u2010Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pharmacology Service, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto Te\u00f3filo Hernando Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Princesa (IP) Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/pgs.10.131"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/FPC.0b013e3283659a94"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/tpj.2011.57"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2009-1031"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-013-0089-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.encep.2012.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.2308"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-931483"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1R333"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0b013e31828f62cd"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/tpj.2009.63"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/pgs.09.165"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1099800409358760"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/tpj.2009.24"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","unstructured":"Food and Drug Administration.2011.Icatibant label. 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