{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T03:31:21Z","timestamp":1790652681785,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,14]],"date-time":"2014-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1413244800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Human Psychopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Although a great deal of information about the neurobiology of panic disorder is now available, there is a need for an updated etiological model integrating recent findings on the neurobiology of the arousal system and its relationship with higher cortical functions in panic disorder. The current mini\u2010review presents psychophysiological, molecular biological\/genetic and functional neuroimaging evidence for dysfunction in major arousal systems of the brain. Such dysfunction may influence the development of panic disorder by precipitating autonomic bodily symptoms and at the same time increasing vigilance to these sensations by modulating cortical attentional networks. A multilevel model of arousal, attention and anxiety\u2014including the norepinephrine, orexin, neuropeptide S and caffeine\u2010related adenosine systems\u2014may be useful in integrating a range of data available on the pathogenesis of panic disorder. Copyright \u00a9 2014 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.2436","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,14]],"date-time":"2014-10-14T09:50:39Z","timestamp":1413280239000},"page":"599-603","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Arousal and the attentional network in panic disorder"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Maximilian J.","family":"Geiger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of W\u00fcrzburg  W\u00fcrzburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"Neufang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University of W\u00fcrzburg  W\u00fcrzburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan J.","family":"Stein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health University of Cape Town  Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"Domschke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of W\u00fcrzburg  W\u00fcrzburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.2320"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300232"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YPG.0b013e328341a3db"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM\u20105","author":"APA","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.28.061604.135709"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2007.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2009.11.054"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-011-0624-7"},{"issue":"43","key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Functional wiring of hypocretin and LC\u2010NE neurons: implications for arousal","volume":"7","author":"Carter ME","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front Behav Neurosci"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118330043.ch1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4000345"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2010.04.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.30494"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2011.253"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-012-2678-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2010.81"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2009.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-012-0811-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-012-2917-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1301168"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881109104847"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2008.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3323"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-012-2690-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20642"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.157.4.493"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/med.20180"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2010.07.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-012-9287-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1491"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2011.317"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2075"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881110367448"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15622975.2011.646302"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.6730-10.2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2004.11.063"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300880"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699930802204677"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(02)01475-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.05.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2006.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2007.06.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797609359624"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2011.04.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.2349"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2005.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ne.13.030190.000325"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.58.110405.085516"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.32085"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(86)90143-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjp.2008.96"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2092"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2012.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2006.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.65.2.214"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2013.12.014"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.156.2.246","article-title":"Heritability of anxiety sensitivity: a twin study","volume":"156","author":"Stein MB","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2012.04.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881113490326"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2011.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0887-6185(95)00032-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2012.46"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.2008.20.1.86","article-title":"The neuropsychiatry and neuropsychology of lipoid proteinosis","volume":"20","author":"Thornton HB","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0702676104"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.07.018"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_8_69_1","first-page":"538","article-title":"Adenosine and dopamine receptor interactions in striatum and caffeine\u2010induced behavioral activation","volume":"57","author":"Xie X","year":"2007","journal-title":"Comp Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.21159"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.21919"}],"container-title":["Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fhup.2436","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hup.2436","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]],"date-time":"2023-10-04T06:23:59Z","timestamp":1696400639000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/hup.2436"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,14]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/hup.2436"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hup.2436","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0885-6222","1099-1077"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0885-6222","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-1077","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,14]]}}}