{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T14:42:25Z","timestamp":1788792145227,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,5]],"date-time":"2017-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1507161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOP\u2010119332"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOP\u2010119332"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Human Psychopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Antipsychotics (APs) are associated with metabolic syndrome, with increases in leptin proposed as an underlying mechanism of AP\u2010induced weight gain. Currently available meta\u2010analyses on this topic have limited their populations of interest to those diagnosed with schizophrenia. The purpose of this meta\u2010analysis is to explore the relationship between leptin levels and AP use across multiple psychiatric diagnoses, and also in healthy controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Systematic electronic searches were conducted using PubMed and OVID: Medline. Longitudinal studies were included if showing leptin levels before and after AP use. We included participants with any psychiatric disorders and mentally healthy participants, if exposed to AP use. The differences in leptin levels were evaluated using Hedges' <jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic> with a random effects model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty\u2010two studies were found (36 schizophrenia, 2 bipolar disorder, 1 anorexia nervosa, and 3 healthy controls), encompassing 66 study arms and 1,156 participants. The meta\u2010analysis showed that regardless of diagnoses, leptin levels increase with AP use (Hedges' <jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.811, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0\u2264\u00a0.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Leptin increases induced by APs are present across all diagnoses. More comprehensive research is needed to understand the relationship between AP use and leptin levels across multiple diagnoses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.2631","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,5]],"date-time":"2017-10-05T08:56:45Z","timestamp":1507193805000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Association between antipsychotic treatment and leptin levels across multiple psychiatric populations: An updated meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Renee\u2010Marie","family":"Ragguett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Addiction and Mental Health  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret","family":"Hahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Addiction and Mental Health  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Messina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Foggia  Foggia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Chieffi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine <i>Universit\u00e0 degli Studi della Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d<\/i>  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcellino","family":"Monda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine <i>Universit\u00e0 degli Studi della Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d<\/i>  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5421-3584","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vincenzo","family":"De Luca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Addiction and Mental Health  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2012.06.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0022662"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-013-3199-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v64n0516"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","first-page":"74","article-title":"Plasma nitric oxide and leptin values in participants with olanzapine\u2010induced weight gain","volume":"41","author":"Atmaca M.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00468.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YIC.0b013e328080ca44"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2007.03.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YIC.0b013e3283377850"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","first-page":"193","article-title":"Effects of orally disintegrating vs regular olanzapine tablets on body weight, eating behavior, glycemic and lipid indices, and gastrointestinal hormones: A randomized, open comparison in outpatients with bipolar depression","volume":"23","author":"Bobo W. 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