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Patients were naturalistically followed up for a mean of 7.28 (<jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic> 5.51) years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Analysis revealed that the fear subscore of the HRFS was the only significant predictor (among a detailed battery of demographic, clinical and treatment factors) independently associated with greater delta (pre\u2010treatment minus post\u2010treatment) YBOCS scores.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In contrast to predictions (based on existing models), poorer treatment response was not associated with increased habit scores in the HRFS. Future longitudinal studies are needed to confirm whether increased fear as a driver for ritualistic behaviours is able to predict worse outcomes in OCD samples.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.2720","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,21]],"date-time":"2020-01-21T13:54:57Z","timestamp":1579614897000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Fear driven compulsive behaviour is associated with worse long\u2010term outcome in obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Gabriela M.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Obsessive, Compulsive, and Anxiety Spectrum Research Program Institute of Psychiatry of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)  Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucy","family":"Albertella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health Monash University  Clayton Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Eduarda","family":"Moreira\u2010de\u2010Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obsessive, Compulsive, and Anxiety Spectrum Research Program Institute of Psychiatry of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)  Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil"},{"name":"D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR)  Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcelo","family":"Piquet\u2010Pess\u00f4a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obsessive, Compulsive, and Anxiety Spectrum Research Program Institute of Psychiatry of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)  Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Murat","family":"Y\u00fccel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health Monash University  Clayton Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rico S.C.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health Monash University  Clayton Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karina B.","family":"Batista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obsessive, Compulsive, and Anxiety Spectrum Research Program Institute of Psychiatry of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)  Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil"},{"name":"Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health Monash University  Clayton Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriela B.","family":"de Menezes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obsessive, Compulsive, and Anxiety Spectrum Research Program Institute of Psychiatry of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)  Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9075-8226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonardo F.","family":"Fontenelle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obsessive, Compulsive, and Anxiety Spectrum Research Program Institute of Psychiatry of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)  Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil"},{"name":"Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health Monash University  Clayton Victoria Australia"},{"name":"D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR)  Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1516-44462000000300003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2012.10.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","volume-title":"Manual da vers\u00e3o em portugu\u00eas das Escalas Beck","author":"Cunha J. 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