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Our second aim was to examine the influence of comorbid attention\u2010deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptomatology on rsFC changes in SC users compared to controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Resting\u2010state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) analysis included 25 SC users (14 without ADHD and 11 with ADHD combined type) and 12 control subjects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found (i) higher rsFC between the default mode network (DMN) and salience network, dorsal attention network and cingulo\u2010opercular network, and (ii) lower rsFC within the DMN and between the DMN and visual network in SC users compared to controls. There were no significant differences between SC users with ADHD and controls, nor were there any significant differences between SC users with and without ADHD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found the first evidence of abnormalities within and between resting state networks in adolescent SC users without ADHD. In contrast, SC users with ADHD showed no differences compared to controls. These results suggest that comorbidity of ADHD and substance dependence may show different rsFC alterations than substance use alone.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.2781","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,6]],"date-time":"2021-03-06T18:09:25Z","timestamp":1615054165000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Resting state functional connectivity in adolescent synthetic cannabinoid users with and without attention\u2010deficit\/hyperactivity disorder"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Zeki","family":"Yu\u0308ncu\u0308","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child Psychiatry Ege University School of Medicine  Izmir Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zehra","family":"Cakmak Celik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child Psychiatry Cizre State Hospital  Sirnak 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