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We review literature pertaining to three potential processes of change that may be instigated during sessions involving MDMA administration in the treatment of social anxiety disorder.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is a narrative review that integrates research on the etiology and maintenance of social anxiety disorder and mechanisms of action of MDMA to examine how MDMA may enhance psychotherapy outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We first outline how MDMA may enhance memory reconsolidation in social anxiety disorder. We then discuss how MDMA may induce experiences of self\u2010transcendence and self\u2010transcendent emotions such as compassion, love, and awe; and how these experiences may be therapeutic in the context of social anxiety disorder. We subsequently discuss the possibility that MDMA may enhance the strength and effectiveness of the therapeutic relationship which is a robust predictor of outcomes across many disorders as well as a potential key ingredient in treating disorders where shame and social disconnection are central factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We discuss how processes of change may extend beyond the MDMA dosing sessions themselves.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.2824","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,5]],"date-time":"2021-11-05T13:02:48Z","timestamp":1636117368000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Potential processes of change in MDMA\u2010Assisted therapy for social anxiety disorder: Enhanced memory reconsolidation, self\u2010transcendence, and therapeutic relationships"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3601-7037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason B.","family":"Luoma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Portland Psychotherapy Clinic, Research,\u00a0&amp; Training Center  Portland Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ben","family":"Shahar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Hebrew University of Jerusalem  Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Kati Lear","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Portland Psychotherapy Clinic, Research,\u00a0&amp; Training Center  Portland Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Pilecki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Portland Psychotherapy Clinic, Research,\u00a0&amp; Training Center  Portland Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Remedy Centre  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.07.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2015.142"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2008.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2013.12.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.63.4.596"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881115626348"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.133.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02791072.2019.1580805"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2010.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-009-1635-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.04.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881116663120"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10879-014-9286-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20909"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10503307.2011.643253"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2018.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2014.00020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2013.12.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881118754710"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/jscp.2012.31.8.783"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/13747-004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","first-page":"69","volume-title":"Social phobia: Diagnosis, assessment and treatment","author":"Clark D. 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