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Nevertheless, evidence regarding the discontinuation and replacement of GABA\u2010BZ receptor agonists with alternative agents is lacking. Suvorexant (SUX), an existing orexin receptor antagonist, is effective in preventing nocturnal awakening in 70%\u201375% of patients with insomnia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The novel dual orexin receptor antagonist lemborexant (LEM) has fewer adverse effects than GABA\u2010BZ receptor agonists. Therefore, in this retrospective study, we categorised patients taking GABA\u2010BZ receptor agonists and SUX into LEM\u2010treated (switched) and non\u2010treated (non\u2010switched) groups and compared their outcomes over a 12\u2010week period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The GABA\u2010BZ group (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a059) comprised 34 \u2018switched\u2019 and 25 \u2018non\u2010switched\u2019 and the SUX group (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a014) comprised 6 \u2018switched\u2019 and 8 \u2018non\u2010switched\u2019 patients. A mixed model showed a significant diazepam equivalence reduction in patients taking GABA\u2010BZ receptor agonists and improved Athens Insomnia Scale score in those taking SUX. The safety and tolerability of GABA\u2010BZ receptor agonists and SUX were high, and no serious adverse effects were observed after switching to LEM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lemborexant may be a useful alternative for long\u2010term GABA\u2010BZ receptor agonist users. For SUX, the number of cases (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a06) was insufficient to draw definite conclusions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.2868","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,24]],"date-time":"2023-03-24T10:03:45Z","timestamp":1679652225000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Efficacy and safety of lemborexant as an alternative drug for patients with insomnia taking gamma\u2010aminobutyric acid\u2013benzodiazepine receptor agonists or suvorexant"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2233-6296","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazumaro","family":"Okino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mental Care Center Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital  Yokohama\u2010shi Kanagawa\u2010ken Japan"},{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry Showa University School of Medicine  Shinagawa\u2010ku Tokyo\u2010to Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirohisa","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry Showa University School of Medicine  Shinagawa\u2010ku Tokyo\u2010to Japan"},{"name":"Neuropsychiatry Showa University Karasuyama Hospital  Setagaya\u2010ku Tokyo\u2010to Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroi","family":"Tomioka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mental Care Center Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital  Yokohama\u2010shi Kanagawa\u2010ken Japan"},{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry Showa University School of Medicine  Shinagawa\u2010ku Tokyo\u2010to Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Sanada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry Showa University School of Medicine  Shinagawa\u2010ku Tokyo\u2010to Japan"},{"name":"Neuropsychiatry Showa University Karasuyama Hospital  Setagaya\u2010ku Tokyo\u2010to Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keita","family":"Kawai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mental Care Center Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital  Yokohama\u2010shi Kanagawa\u2010ken Japan"},{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry Showa University School of Medicine  Shinagawa\u2010ku Tokyo\u2010to Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Iwanami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry Showa University School of Medicine  Shinagawa\u2010ku Tokyo\u2010to Japan"},{"name":"Neuropsychiatry Showa University Karasuyama Hospital  Setagaya\u2010ku Tokyo\u2010to Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atsuko","family":"Inamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mental Care Center Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital  Yokohama\u2010shi Kanagawa\u2010ken Japan"},{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry Showa University School of Medicine  Shinagawa\u2010ku Tokyo\u2010to Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"726","volume-title":"International classification of sleep disorders","author":"American Academy of Sleep Medicine","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","unstructured":"Ashton C. 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