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Adult outpatients with generalized SAD (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009434) were randomized to receive capsules of venlafaxine ER 75\u2009mg to 225\u2009mg\/day, paroxetine 20\u2009mg to 50\u2009mg\/day, or placebo for 12 weeks. The primary efficacy variable was the Liebowitz social anxiety scale total score. Secondary efficacy variables included the patient\u2010rated social phobia inventory and the proportion of responders in each group (a responder was defined as having a clinical global impression\u2010improvement score of 1 or 2). Treatment with venlafaxine ER was associated with significantly greater improvement than treatment with placebo for all primary and secondary efficacy variables (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). No significant differences in primary or secondary efficacy variables were observed between the venlafaxine ER and paroxetine groups. The week 12 response rates were 69%, 66% and 36% for the venlafaxine ER, paroxetine and placebo groups, respectively. Both active treatments were generally well tolerated and were associated with a similar incidence of adverse events. This study shows that venlafaxine ER is an effective, safe and well\u2010tolerated drug treatment for SAD. 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