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Abnormalities in nerve cell <jats:italic>myo<\/jats:italic>\u2010inositol levels and\/or PI\u2010cycle regulation has been suggested as being involved in the pathophysiology and\/or treatment of many psychiatric disorders including bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, panic disorder, obsessive\u2010compulsive disorder, eating disorders and schizophrenia. This review examines the metabolism and biochemical importance of <jats:italic>myo<\/jats:italic>\u2010inositol and the PI\u2010cycle. It relates this to the current <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> evidence for <jats:italic>myo<\/jats:italic>\u2010inositol and PI\u2010cycle involvement in these psychiatric disorders, particularly focusing upon the magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) findings in patient studies to date. From this review it is concluded that while the evidence suggests probable relevance to the pathophysiology and\/or treatment of bipolar disorder, there is much less support for a significant role for the PI\u2010cycle or <jats:italic>myo<\/jats:italic>\u2010inositol in any other psychiatric disorder. More definitive investigation is required before PI\u2010cycle dysfunction can be considered specific to bipolar disorder. 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