{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T11:04:27Z","timestamp":1779793467558,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774915200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774915200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Human Psychopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Glucagon\u2010like peptide\u20101 receptor agonists (GLP\u20101RAs) are widely used for metabolic disorders. Howeve, their effects on depressive symptoms and psychological well\u2010being remain uncertain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis of randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of GLP\u20101RAs on depressive symptoms and psychological well\u2010being. Random\u2010effects models were used to calculate standardized mean differences (SMDs). Subgroup and meta\u2010regression analyses were performed to explore heterogeneity. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024566217).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In total, 25 trials (17,751 participants) evaluated psychological well\u2010being and 11 trials (1961 participants) evaluated depressive symptoms. GLP\u20101RA treatment was associated with a small but significant improvement in psychological well\u2010being compared with control conditions (SMD\u00a0=\u00a00.374, 95% CI 0.093\u20130.656), whereas no significant effect was observed for depressive symptoms (SMD\u00a0=\u00a00.079, 95% CI \u22120.024\u20130.182). Improvements in psychological well\u2010being were consistently observed in studies using semaglutide, tirzepatide or liraglutide, subcutaneous administration, and in populations with type 2 diabetes mellitus or obesity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>GLP\u20101RA treatment was associated with modest improvements in psychological well\u2010being but not depressive symptoms. These findings should be interpreted cautiously and suggest that any observed psychological benefits are likely indirect, potentially reflecting improvements in metabolic status or general health, rather than direct mood\u2010improving effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.70041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T11:51:26Z","timestamp":1774957886000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Efficacy of Glucagon\u2010Like Peptide\u20101 Receptor Agonists for Psychological Well\u2010Being and Depressive Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Tsung\u2010Hsuan","family":"Hung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Education Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine  Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chyi\u2010Rong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine  Kaohsiung Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Occupational Therapy Shu\u2010Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management  Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8650-4060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chih\u2010Wei","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine  Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andre F.","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Innovation in Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Treatment (IMPACT) Strategic 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