{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T09:45:18Z","timestamp":1792143918706,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792108800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Human Psychopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare serum total tau and \u03b1\u2010synuclein among controls, drug\u2010na\u00efve children with attention\u2010deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and children with ADHD receiving methylphenidate.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Original ELISA spreadsheets provided 26 controls, 29 evaluable drug\u2010na\u00efve participants and 32 methylphenidate\u2010treated participants. Boundary\u2010coded results (&gt; 500 pg\/mL for tau; &lt;\u00a0938 pg\/mL for \u03b1\u2010synuclein) were assigned the recorded boundary for rank\u2010based analyses. Groups were compared using Kruskal\u2013Wallis tests and Dunn\u2013Bonferroni contrasts; within\u2010group associations used Spearman correlations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      \u03b1\u2010Synuclein differed among groups (\n                      <jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a049.859,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001,\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b5<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.570), with all pairwise contrasts significant. Tau also differed (\n                      <jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a010.492,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.005,\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b5<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.101); drug\u2010na\u00efve ADHD had lower tau than controls, whereas the treated group differed from neither comparator after correction. The \u03b1\u2010synuclein\u2013tau correlation remained significant after false\u2010discovery\u2010rate adjustment only in drug\u2010na\u00efve ADHD (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03c1<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.443, adjusted\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.048).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Serum \u03b1\u2010synuclein and total tau showed distinct cross\u2010sectional group patterns. These associations do not establish methylphenidate effects and require prospective confirmation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.70068","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T08:58:48Z","timestamp":1792141128000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Serum Tau and \u03b1\u2010Synuclein in Children With Attention\u2010Deficit\/Hyperactivity Disorder: Cross\u2010Sectional Associations With Methylphenidate Treatment"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5259-6614","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deniz","family":"Do\u011fan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine Gazi University  Ankara 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