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The aim of this double\u2010blind randomised parallel group study was to compare (non\u2010inferiority test) the efficacies of etifoxine, a non\u2010benzodiazepine anxiolytic drug, and lorazepam, a benzodiazepine, for ADWA outpatients followed by general practitioners. 191 outpatients (mean age: 43, female: 66%) were assigned to receive etifoxine (50\u2009mg <jats:italic>tid<\/jats:italic>) or lorazepam (0.5\u20100.5\u20101\u2009mg \/day) for 28 days. Efficacy was evaluated on days 7 and 28 of the treatment. The main efficacy assessment criterion was the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety score (HAM\u2010A) on Day 28 adjusted to Day 0. The anxiolytic effect of etifoxine was found not inferior to that of lorazepam (HAM\u2010A score decrease: 54.6% vs 52.3%, respectively, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0006). The two drugs were equivalent on Day 28. However, more etifoxine recipients responded to the treatment (HAM\u2010A score decreased by \u226550%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03). Clinical improvement (based on Clinical Global Impression scale CGI, Social Adjustment Scale Self\u2010Report SAS\u2010SR, and Sheehan scores) was observed in both treatment arms, but more etifoxine patients improved markedly (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03) and had a marked therapeutic effect without side effects as assessed by CGI, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04. Moreover, 1 week after stopping treatment, fewer patients taking etifoxine experienced a rebound of anxiety, compared to lorazepam (1 and 8, respectively, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.034). Copyright \u00a9 2006 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.757","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,19]],"date-time":"2006-04-19T14:49:30Z","timestamp":1145458170000},"page":"139-149","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":136,"title":["Efficacy of etifoxine compared to lorazepam monotherapy in the treatment of patients with adjustment disorders with anxiety: a double\u2010blind controlled study in general 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